Chapter 13: The Rise of a Mass Democracy (1824-1840)

Corrupt Bargain of 1824

A controversial election where no candidate received a majority in the Electoral College

• House of Rep chose John Quincy Adams over Andrew Jackson

  • even though Jackson won the popular vote

• Jackson fans say it was rigged

John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay

In the Corrupt Bargain of 1824, allegations arose that ? made a deal with ? (who later became the Secretary of State) making Jackson’s supporters say it was all rigged

disillusionment, Jacksonian Democracy

The Corrupt Bargain of 1824 encapsulated the ? in the political landscape of the era and fueled the soon emergence of ?

Andrew Jackson

The 7th president of the U.S. and a key figure in the development of the Democratic Party

• strongly believed in the power of the common man

• military hero from the War of 1812

executive branch, second national bank, states, controversial

Andrew Jackson expanded the powers of the ? yet opposed the ?, consequentially giving a ton of power to the ?

• his policies were super ?

Spoils System

A political practice initiated by Andrew Jackson where he appointed loyal supporters to government positions

• his appointees usually weren’t that fit for their roles…

inefficient, corruption, complex

The Spoils System was honestly ? and planted ? in the government

• emphasized the importance of a more ? party system

Tariff of 1828

A protective tariff that raised duties on imported goods

• also called the “Tariff of Abominations”

northern, southern

The Tariff of 1828 was designed to protect ? industries, but ended up hurting the ? economy leading to widespread discontent there

federal, state, challenging

The Tariff of 1828 contributed to debates over ? vs ? power and led to the Southern states ? federal authority later on

John C. Calhoun

A southern politician who authored the South Carolina Exposition

• hated the Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations)

nullify, federal, seceding

In John C. Calhoun’s South Carolina Exposition, he argued that states had the right to ? unconstitutional laws from the ? government

• contributed to Southern thoughts of ?

Nullification Crisis

A political confrontation between South Carolina and the federal government over the Tariff of 1828

• John C. Calhoun asserted the state right to nullify federal tariffs

• Jackson freaking threatened him with military action

compromise, states’ rights

Even though the Nullification Crisis was resolved with a ? tariff, it revealed the volatile nature of the debate over ?

Indian Removal Act

An act authorized by Andrew Jackson to forcefully relocate Native American tribes in 1830

• so much for “peaceful relations”

Southeast, West, Mississippi River, Trail of Tears, Manifest Destiny

The Indian Removal Act forced Native American tribes from their ancestral lands in the ? U.S. and moved them to “Indian Territory” ? of the ?

• led to the infamous ?

• justified by the up-and-coming idea of ?

Nicholas Biddle

The president of the 2nd Bank of the U.S.

• tried to stabilize the currency of the U.S. and control inflation

• often met a ton of hostility from Andrew Jackson

dissolved, instability, ideologies

Nicholas Biddle’s 2nd Bank of the U.S. eventually got ? by Andrew Jackson leading to financial ?

• represented conflict over economic ?

Specie Circular

An executive order by President Jackson in 1836

• mandated that payment for government land must be made in gold or silver rather than paper currency

  • Guess Jackson really didn’t like paper money…?

strained, shortage, Panic of 1837

The Specie Circular ? the economy and created a cash ?

• led to the ?

Whig Party

A political party that emerged in the 1830s in response to Andrew Jackson’s policies and the democratic party

• Led by figures such as Henry Clay

legislative, modernization, internal, Republicans, abolitionists

The Whig Party strongly advocated for

• a strong ? branch

• economic ?

• ? improvements

they attracted ? and ?

Republican, unity

The Whig Party laid the groundwork for ? ideology however struggled to maintain ? during increasing sectionalism in the U.S.

Panic of 1837

A major economic crisis Martin Van Buren’s presidency (though Andrew Jackson basically set him up for failure)

failures, unemployment, housing

The Panic of 1837 was marked by

• bank ?

• high ?

• collapse in the ? market

Specie Circular, international, speculative

The Panic of 1837 was triggered by a combination of factors including the

• ? (It was an executive order Jackson made)

• decline in ? trade

• ? land purchases

vulnerabilities, economy

The Panic of 1837 highlighted the ? of the American ?

The Lone Star Rebellion

A revolt by American settlers in Texas against Mexican rule in 1835-1836

• Also known as the Texas Revolution

• The revolt was actually successful 😄

Sam Houston, immigration, slavery

The Lone Star Rebellion was led by people such as ? and was fueled by tensions over ?, cultural differences, and ?

Mexico, conflict

The Lone Star Rebellion illustrated the complex relationship between the U.S. and ? and set the stage for future ?

Election of 1840

A significant political event that marked the first use of modern campaign techniques in American politics

William Henry Harrison, personality, background

In the election of 1840, ?, the Whig Candidate, campaigned on a platform of Anti-Jacksonian sentiment and emphasized his ? and ?

• he ended up winning by a lot but died 31 days into office 💀

slogans, rallies

The Election of 1840 saw the use of ? and ? which we see a lot nowadays in modern politics

Whig, attitude

The Election of 1840 solidified the ? party’s influence and represented a changing ? towards American political campaigns