Chem Ch. 6

Ionic Compound

Pos & Neg ions combined so the numbers of their charges are equal, resulting in a neutral compound

Formula Unit

simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound formula can be written

Lattice Energy

energy released when 1 mol of ionic crystilline compound is formed from gas ion

Polyatomic Ion

Charged group of covalently bonded atoms

Chemical Bond

mutual electrical attraction of nuclei and valence electrions of different atoms

Ionic Bonding

Chemical bonding due to attraction between anions & cations, metal to nonmetal

Covalent Bonding

Sharing of electron pairs between 2 atoms, nonmetal to nonmetal

non-polar covalent bond

covalent bond w/ bonding electrons shared equal, has balanced distribution of electrical charges

Polar

uneven distrobution of charge

Polar covalent bond

covalent bond w/ unequal attraction for shared electrons

molecule

neutral group of atoms held together by covalent bonds

Molecular Compound

Chemical compoud who’s simplest units are molecules

Chemical Formula

relative numbers of atoms of each kind in chemical compounds

Molecular Formula

types & numbers of atoms combined in single molecule of molecular compound

bond energy

energy required to break chemical bond & make neutral isolated atoms

Electron dot notation

electron configuration notation where valence electrons are show in dots around element symbol

structural formula

kind, number, arrangement and bond but not unshared paris of atoms in a molecule

Single Bond

Covalent bond w/ one pair of electrons shared

multiple bond

double/triple bonds

VSEPR Theory

repulsion between sets of valence electrons causing sets to be orianted as far away as possible

Linear

2 atoms bonded to central atom, no lone electrons

Trigonal Planar

3 atoms bonded to central atom, no lone electrons

Bent/Angular

2 atoms bonded to central atom, 1 or 2 lone electrons

Tetrahedral

4 atoms bonded to central atom, no lone electrons

Trigonal Pyramidal

3 atoms bonded to central atom, 1 lone electron

Trigonal Bipyramidal

5 atoms bonded to central atom, no lone electrons

Octhedral

6 atoms bonded to central atom, no lone electrons

Polar Molecule

Molecule w/ one pos & one neg end (due to differences in electronegativity)

Diatomic Molecule

molecule with 2 atoms

Dipole

molecule w/ pos and neg pole, aka polar molecule

Molecular Geometry

3-D arrangement of atoms in a molecule

electronegativity

measure of atoms ability to attract electrons when atom is part of covalent bond