mechanism of resistance

mechanism of resistances

enzymatic modification or inactivation of drug

modification of antimicrobial target

overproduction of antimicrobial target

enzymatic by of antimicrobial target

mimicry of antimicrobial target

prevention of drug penetration or accumulation

drug modification

B-lactamases hydrolyze lactam bond

target modification

LPS structure alteration to affect polymyxins

target modification

RNA polymerase alteration to affect Rifampin

target overproduction

Vancomycin resistance to S. aureus by decreased cross-linkage of peptide chains in cell wall (increase in targets)

target mimicry

M. tuberculosis produces pentapeptides to mimic DNA and binds to fluoroquinolones

prevent accumulation

pathogens produce efflux pump to transport drug out of cell and prevent accumulation