CHEM 123 - Organics: Functional Groups

question: class name

alkane

• unsaturated

• functional group name: alkyl

• ending of IUPAC name: ane

alkene

• double bonds

• functional group name: alkenyl

• ending of IUPAC name: ene

alkyne

• triple bonds

• functional group name: alkyl

• ending of IUPAC name: yne

alcohol

• functional group name: hydroxyl

• ending of IUPAC name: anol

ether

• functional group name: ether

• ending of IUPAC name: ether or alkoxy prefix

aldehyde

• functional group name: aldehyde

• ending of IUPAC name: anal

ketone

• functional group name: carbonyl

• ending of IUPAC name: anone

carboxylic acid

• functional group name: carboxyl

• ending of IUPAC name: anoic acid

ester

• functional group name: ester

• ending of IUPAC name: anoate

amine

• functional group name: amine

• substituent name: amino

amide

• functional group name: carboxamide

• substituent name: amido or carbamoyl

mercapto or sulfanyl

• functional group name: thiols

• IUPAC prefix: -thiol

• IUPAC suffix: sulfanyl

sulfides

• functional group name: sulfide

• ending of IUPAC name: -sulfide

• substituent name: (R)ylsulfanyl

halides

• functional group name: halides

• ending of IUPAC name: -(hal)ide

• substituent name: (hal)o