Communication Protocols, the world wide web and the Internet.

The Client-Server Model

The client-server model is a computing architecture where clients (users or devices) request services or resources, and servers provide them over a network.

Client Server Model steps

1. Client Sends Request:

• The client initiates communication by sending a request to the server. This could be a request for data, a service, or a resource (e.g., a webpage, file, or database query).

2. Server Receives Request:

• The server listens for incoming requests and receives the client’s request. It processes the request by interpreting the data and determining what is being asked.

3. Server Processes Request:

• The server processes the request by executing the necessary actions, such as retrieving data, performing calculations, or accessing stored resources.

4. Server Sends Response:

• After processing, the server sends a response back to the client, which could be the requested resource, confirmation of an action, or an error message.

5. Client Receives Response:

• The client receives the server’s response and uses it accordingly, such as displaying a webpage, storing data, or providing feedback to the user.

6. Communication Ends:

• Once the response is received and processed by the client, the communication ends. If the client requires more resources, the process may repeat from step 1.

Web browser

A software application that allows users to access and retrieve content on the World Wide Web.

A URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

The address used to identify and access a specific resource, such as a webpage or file, on the Internet.

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

A protocol used for transmitting data between a web browser (client) and a server, primarily for accessing and sharing web content.

HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure)

An encrypted version of HTTP that ensures secure communication between a web browser (client) and a server using SSL/TLS protocols.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

Protocol that ensures the accurate delivery of data packets between devices over a network.

IP (Internet Protocol)

A set of rules for addressing and routing data packets across networks to ensure they reach the correct destination.

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

A wireless networking technology that uses radio waves to provide high-speed Internet and network connections without physical cables.

VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)

A technology that enables voice communication and multimedia sessions over the Internet or other IP-based networks.

What is protocol? (In regards to the World Wide Web)

A set of rules describing how to transmit data across a network.

TCP/IP Model

A model designed to standardise computer networking.

TCP/IP model layers

Difference between World Wide Web and the internet.

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers and servers, while the World Wide Web is a system of websites and online content accessed through the Internet using web browsers.