VTA 175 Final Exam

sanitzers

a chemical agent that kills or prevents growth of microorganisms on animate objects

disinfectant

a chemical agent that kills or prevents growth of microorganisms on inanimate objects

what are the restraints for a venipuncture

femoral, cephalic, medial saphenous, lateral saphenous

if a patient is having difficulty breathing why would the DVM order a DV film instead of a VD

position will be easier on the lungs

what are the thorax positioning landmarks for radiology

cranial: thoracic inlet, caudal: past the last rib, dorsal: spinous processes, ventral: sternum

what are the abdomen landmarks for radiology

cranial: xiphoid, caudal: greater trochanter, dorsal: spinous processes, ventral: abdomen wall

what are the restraints for cystocentesis

dorsal or lateral recumbency

what are the steps for a proper nail trimming

trim nails at 45 degree angle, trim small amounts at a time, use natural curve or tapering of the nail as guide for where to cut, stop if beginnings of quick is visible

what can you use to stop bleeding if quick were to be hit during nail trimming

kwik stop or silver nitrate sticks

when preforming a PE what two parameters are used to assess hydration

mucous membranes - color/feel and skin tent - how quickly skin falls back down when lifted up

what body systems should be evaluated during a PE

EEN - ears/eyes/nose, respiratory, GI, urogenital, integument, lymphatic, musculoskeletal, nervous

open-ended questions

questions that respondents can't answer in "yes or no"

what is an example of an open-ended question

what has your dog eaten today

what can happen if you leave a muzzle on a dog for too long

dehydration and possible over heating

how do you make a quick tie muzzle

make a large loop, quickly slip loop over muzzle, loop ends around muzzle, pull behind ears and tie tightly

sterile

no living microbes

aseptic

free from disease-causing microorganisms

how do you put on a muzzle

loosen the strap, place small end of muzzle on top of patient snout, quickly tighten strap,

which type of muzzle allows for panting and drinking

wire muzzle

how do you remove a small animal from a cage

toss towel over body, scoop it up

which side of the muzzle is placed on a cat

the large side

describe how to clean a kennel correctly

get rid of organic material, spray disinfectant, remove any other smears or debris, spray disinfectant again on all sides of kennel and door, leave for appropriate contact time, wipe

what is a normal HR for canines

70-160 bpm

what is normal RR for canines

8-30 rpm

what is normal temperature for canines

99.5-102.2 F

what is normal HR for feline

150-210 bpm

what is normal RR for feline

8-30 rpm

what is normal temperature for feline

100.4-102.2 F

what are the steps for CPR

check for respo

when collecting blood from the jugular vein of a dog, the most appropriate restraint technique is

sternal or sitting recumbency

what are all the veinpuncture sites for dogs

cephalic, lateral saphenous, jugular

how often should cages and runs be disinfected

after every patient or as often as needed to keep it cleaned

what happens to nails if you do not trim them on a regular basis

quick grows too long, causes ingrown paw pad nails

where do we place our stethoscope when we are listening to an animals heart

left forelimb arm under axillary area caudally towards tail, sternum for cats

chest compressions should not be stopped until the full _____ cycle is complete

2 min

what are the standard set of abdominal radiographs taken on a patient

3 views - right and left lateral and either DV or VD view

when performing a nail trim, all _______ should be filed with a dremel or nail file

frayed edges

dyspena can be manifested as

refusal to lie down

sinus arrhytmia

abnormal heart rhythm

what is a way to have a patient take medication

hide in food, pill gun

what are all the veinpuncture sites for cats

cephalic, medial saphenous, jugular

what are different restraint positions for cats

sternal, standing, lateral

pulse deficit

when the pulse rate doesn't match the heart beat

CAB

Compression, airway, breathing

what does cc stand for

cubic centimeters

what are some types of oral medication

tablets, capsules, elixers

when would we use saline vs an ear cleaner for cleaning ears

when doing an ear assessment and collecting a sample since ear cleaners can be ototoxic and ruin or get rid of sample completely

ototoxic

drug that is damaging to the ear/hearing

what is the cathode

negative electrons

what happens if we increase Kvp

increases contrast - electrons move faster/increase speed

gauntlets

long, protective gloves

how do you switch a dog from standing to sternal recumbency

remove hand from abdomen, place behind the stifles causing them to sit

what restraint positions for dogs

standing, sternal, lateral, sitting, dorsal

when would we use a catch pole

only in extreme cases - last resort

describe the best place to auscultate a heart rate on a dog or cat

left side of chest under axillary area or sternum for cat

what are the steps for an ear cleaning

check tympanic membrane with otoscope, fill ear with cleanser, message into ear, clean debris with cotton balls, clean folds of pinna with swab

what setting on the radiology machine controls contrast

kilovoltage - controls the speed of the electrons

what setting on the radiology machine controls density

Tachycardia

rapid heart rate

Dyspnea