bio quiz 5 questions

Surface barriers, such as cutaneous and mucous membranes, serve the immune system as the:

A) first line of defense

B) second line of defense

C) third line of defense

D) fourth line of defense

A) first line of defense

What cells display portions of the pathogens (antigens) they ingest on their plasma membranes?

A) basophils

B) antigen-presenting cells

C) eosinophils

D) natural killer (NK) cells

B) antigen-presenting cells

What organ is responsible for producing most of the plasma proteins known as the complement system?

A) liver

B) heart

C) kidney

D) spleen

A) liver

What of the following should NOT elicit an immune response in your own body?

A) major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules bound to antigens

B) self-antigens

C) immunogens

D) haptens bound with a protein carrier

B) self-antigens

What initiates T cell activation?

A) T cell activation begins when a T cell is ingested by a macrophage.

B) T cell activation begins with a dendritic cell processing and displaying antigen fragments on its MHC molecules.

C) T cell activation begins with the interaction of the T cell with other molecules on the cells called co-stimulators.

D) T cell activation begins when the T cell differentiates into effector cells and memory cells.

B) T cell activation begins with a dendritic cell processing and displaying antigen fragments on its MHC molecules.

Which of the following is NOT a function of macrophages?

A) Macrophages secrete antibodies.

B) Macrophages kill ingested pathogens with chemicals.

C) Macrophages serve as antigen-presenting cells.

D) Macrophages secrete substances onto pathogens that are too large to ingest.

A) Macrophages secrete antibodies.

Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of inflammation?

A) swelling (edema)

B) cold

C) redness

D) pain

B) cold

A patient has a high level of pyrogens, indicating that she:

A) is feeling achy.

B) has swollen lymph nodes.

C) has a fever.

D) has a sore throat.

C) has a fever.

Where do T cells become immunocompetent?

A) bone marrow

B) thyroid gland

C) tonsils

D) thymus

D) thymus

Activated helper T (TH) cells or cytotoxic T (Tc) cell clones differentiate into:

A) plasma cells and memory B cells.

B) memory B cells and memory T cells.

C) effector cells and memory T cells.

D) effector cells and plasma cells.

C) effector cells and memory T cells.

What protein, released by cytotoxic T (Tc) cells, perforates a target cell's plasma membrane so that enzymes can enter and fragment the target cell's DNA?

A) interleukins

B) interferons

C) cytokines

D) perforins

D) perforins

Determine the first phase of the antibody-mediated immune response.

A) B cells should now be present in the body's fluids.

B) Memory cells react rapidly upon a second encounter with the antigen.

C) B cell clones recognize its specific antigen.

D) Antibody levels in the blood rise dramatically.

C) B cell clones recognize its specific antigen.

B cells develop and mature in the:

A) thymus

B) liver

C) lymph nodes

D) bone marrow

D) bone marrow

Activated B cells differentiate into:

A) plasma cells and memory B cells.

B) effector cells and memory T cells.

C) antibodies and memory B cells.

D) plasma cells and effector cells.

A) plasma cells and memory B cells.

Which antibody is the only one capable of crossing the placenta from a pregnant woman to her developing fetus?

A) IgM

B) IgE

C) IgG

D) IgA

C) IgG

Which of the following is NOT a function of antibodies?

A) phagocytosis

B) opsonization

C) neutralization

D) agglutination

A) phagocytosis

The primary immune response:

A) occurs after the first exposure to an antigen.

B) has a shorter lag phase than the secondary immune response.

C) primarily involves the antibody IgG.

D) produces peak antibody levels rapidly (1–3 days).

A) occurs after the first exposure to an antigen.

Vaccinations involve exposure to an antigen to elicit:

A) passive immunity.

B) a primary immune response.

C) severe allergic reaction.

D) a secondary immune response.

B) a primary immune response.

Which of the following confers passive immunity?

A) breast milk

B) viral infection

C) vaccination

D) bacterial infection

A) breast milk

Adaptive, or specific, immunity consists of antimicrobial proteins and certain cells that respond quickly to pathogens within the first 12 hours after exposure.

A) True

B) False

False