AP Psych - Unit 5.5 Vocab

Meta Analysis Studies

Conclude that psychotherapies are effective

Evidence-Based Interventions

Used to develop treatment plans

Therapeutic Alliance

Building a strong, collaborative relationship with the client

Cultural Humility

Understanding and respecting the client’s cultural background

Psychotherapy

A treatment for mental health issues by talking with a mental health provider

Psychotropic Medication Therapy

Medications used to treat mental health disorders

Deinstitutionalization

Shift from hospitals and asylums to community-based care

Nonmaleficence

Do no harm

Fidelity

Maintaining trust and confidentiality

Integrity

Being honest and transparent

Psychodynamic Therapies

Therapies aimed to uncover the unconscious mind

Free Association

Clients express thoughts freely to reveal unconscious content

Dream Interpretation

Analyzing dreams to understand unconscious desires

Cognitive Therapies

Focus on changing maladaptive thinking patterns

Cognitive Restructuring

Identifying and changing negative thoughts

Fear Hierarchies

Gradually exposing clients to feared situations

Cognitive Triad

Addressing negative thoughts about oneself, the world, and the future

Applied Behavior Analysis

Uses conditioning principles to address disorders

Biofeedback

Using conditioning to regulate body systems

Exposure Therapies

Systematically reducing emotional sensitivity to reduce anxiety

Aversion Therapies

Creating negative associations to reduce undesirable behaviors

Token Economies

Reinforcing desired behaviors with tokens

Systematic Desensitization

A type of behavioral treatment that uses gradual exposure therapy to treat anxiety disorders, PTSD, and phobias. It involves exposing a person to something that causes extreme fear and panic, teaching them to replace fear responses with relaxation responses.

Cognitive-Behavorial Therapies

Therapy that combines cognitive and behavioral techniques

Dialectical Behavior Therapy

Therapy that combines cognitive and behavioral strategies to treat borderline personality disorder

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy

Therapy that challenges irrational beliefs to change emotional responses

Humanistic Approach to Therapy

Focuses on personal growth and self-actualization

Person-Centered Therapy

Therapy that employs active listening and unconditional positive regard

Self-Actualization

A person who is living creatively and fully using his or her potentials

Group Therapy

Therapy that differs from individual therapy in its dynamics and benefits

Hypnosis

Used for specific therapeutic purposes such as treating pain and anxiety

Psychoactive Medication

Medication that address biochemical causes of mental disorders

Antidepressants

Medication that treats depression by affecting neurotransmitters like serotonin

Antianxiety Medication

Medication that reduces anxiety by affecting GABA

Lithium

Medication that stabilizes mood in bipolar disorder

Antipsychotic Medications

Medication that treats schizophrenia by affecting dopamine

Tardive Dyskinesia

An uncommon side effect of certain medicines that causes uncontrollable movements of the face and body.

Psychosurgery

Involves lesioning or removing brain issue

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

Non-invasive stimulation of brain regions

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Electrical stimulation to treat severe depression

Lobotomy

A surgical procedure that involves severing nerve pathways in the prefrontal cortex.