Social facilitation and inhibition

What is social facilitation

Positive effects of presence of others on performance

What is social inhibition

Negative effects of presence of others on performance

How to prevent inhibition and evaluation apprehension

• ensure skills are over learnt so reach autonomous phase to ensure success

• Gradually increase number of people they’re performing infront of to replicate real life game

• Selective attention- block out crowd

• Avoid social comparison between other performers and reduce importance of event

• Attribute success to yourself

Zajonic model- others present

Divided into passive and interactive

• interactive (direct influence on performance) like performers in direct competition

• passive (don’t have direct impact but increase arousal causing you to change your behaviour) e.g. co-actors- doing same thing st same time but not in same competition (jogger passing another jogger in a run), audience- people watching like spectators

Zajonic model- probability of dominant response

Increased arousal from passive factors increase arousal

• probability of dominant response for expert/simple/gross skill causes facilitation

• probability of dominant response for novice/complex/fine skills cause inhibition

Skill level causing facilitation or inhibition

Expert

• skill well learnt so have correct dominant response as have more experience

• won’t be affected by increased arousal from crowd causing facilitation

Novice

• skill not well learnt so have produce incorrect dominant response as have less experience

• affected by increased arousal from crowd, causing inhibition

Type of skill causing inhibition or facilitation

• Complex- harder as high concentration and thinking so increased arousal due to audience present- inhibition

• Simple- easier as low concentration needed so increased arousal doesn’t affect performance- facilitation

• Gross- easy to perform with increased arousal from audience- facilitation

• Fine skills- requires lots of attention and precision so hard to perform with increased arousal from crowd- inhibition

Personality affecting facilitation or inhibition

• Extroverts- facilitation from increased arousal from crowd

• Introverts- inhibition from increased arousal from crowd as prefer to perform in quite background

Home and away matches causing inhibition or facilitation

• Home- feel more comfortable and familiar in their own environment- facilitation

• Away- feel alienated and perceive opposotion crowd as unwelcoming- inhibition

What is evaluation apprehension and when will it occur

Fear of being judged

• if audience is expert or knowledgeable

• Significant others (parents)

• If you have naturally high trait anxiety