TOPIC 5: Unit 1: Population concepts 2

Birth Rate

The number of live births per 1000 people per year.

Death Rate

The number of people who die per 1000 population scaled to the size of the population per unit of time.

Population Growth Rate (PGR)

The rate at which a population changes (grows or decreases) during a period of time, considering births, deaths, immigrants, and emigrants.

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

The number of deaths of babies under one year of age per 1000 live births in a given population or region.

Life Expectancy (LE)

The average number of years a person is expected to live based on current mortality rates.

Natural Growth

The change in population due to births and deaths, calculated as (B-D).

Mechanical Growth

The change in population due to immigration and emigration, calculated as (I-E).

Positive Population Growth

When the number of births exceeds the number of deaths plus emigration.

Zero Population Growth

When the number of births is equal to the number of deaths plus emigration.

Negative Population Growth

When the number of deaths exceeds the number of births plus immigration.