MODULE 1

COMPUTE

the term computer is derived from.

COMPUTE

It means to calculate.

COMPUTER

a machine that performs pre-defined or programmed operations expressed through numerical and logical terms

COMPUTER

a machine that stores, transfers, and transforms information

Dr. John R. Hubbard

who said that computing is a human process

Algorithm

step-by-step procedure automatically carried out by a computer

Al Khwarizmi

9th century mathematician who algorithm was named after

Babylonian Algorithm

used by Babylonians and Egyptians to compute the foundation of buildings

1613

the year the word "computer" was first used to refer to people who carry out calculations and computations

Tally Stick

memory aid device to record numbers, quantities, or even messages.

Abacus

allows rapid addition and subtraction using beads.

Abacus

Was invented in Babylonia in 2400 BC.

Abacus

The variation of this device that we are most familiar with was first used in China around 500 BC

Wilhelm Shickard in 1623.

Who invented the Mechanical Calculator

Mechanical Calculator

This calculator was able to add, subtract, multiply, and divide.

Napier's Bone

functioned by moving rods around and placing them in specially constructed boards.

Napier's Bone

Was used to multiply, divide, and calculate square and cube roots

Slide Rule

was based on Napier's ideas about logarithms

Slide Rule

Device not generally used for addition or subtraction

William Oughtred in 1622

Who invented the Slide Rule?

Slide Rule

Used primarily to multiply, divide, find roods, and for logarithms and trigonometry

Pascaline

first calculator capable of addition and subtraction

Blaise Pascal 1642

Who was the inventor of the Pascaline and when was it invented

Leibniz Wheel

a machine that can add, subtract, multiply, and divide automatically.

Leibniz Wheel

Completely automated all four basic arithmetic operations

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1673

When and whom invented the Leibniz Wheel

Jacquard Loom

an automatic loom controlled by punched cards

Joseph-Marie Jacquard in 1881

Invented the Jacquard Loom

Arithmometer

the first reliable and commercially successful calculating machine

Arithmometer

Performed four essential mathematical functions

Arithmometer

First mass-produced calculating machine

Thomas de Colmar in 1820

Invented the Arithmometer

Difference Engine and Analytical Engine

designed to tabulate polynomial functions

Difference Engine and Analytical Engine

The first mechanical computer

Charles Babbage

Inventor of the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine

1822

the year the Analytical Engine was invented

1834

the year the Difference engine was invented

Augusta Ada Byron

The first computer programmer.

Binary System.

What Augusta Ada Byron suggested Babbage to use

Augusta Ada Byron

Wrote programs for the Analytical Engine

Scheutzian Calculation Engine

the first printing calculator

Scheutzian Calculation Engine

Based on Charles Babbage's difference engine

Per Georgy Scheutz in 1843

Inventor of the Scheutzian Calculation Engine

Tabulating Machine

used punched cards to process census data automatically

Herman Hollerith in 1890

Invented the Tabulating Machine

International Business Machine (IBM)

What Herman Hollerith's 'Tabulating Machine Company' evolved into

Tabulating Machine

Assisted in summarizing information and accounting

Mark 1

The first electromechanical computer.

Mark 1

It automatically performed scientific computations with great speed and accuracy.

Punched Tape

Where programs were stored in Mark 1

Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC)

first electronic digital computing device

Professor John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry between 1939-1942

Inventors of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC)

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)

tabulated firing tables for the US Army

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)

Was built near the end of WW2

John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert

Inventors of the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)

Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC)

The private company that John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert built after WW2

UNIVAC

First commercial computer designed for both business and scientific applications

US Census Bureau in 1951

Bought the first UNIVAC

Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC)

stored programs in the computer's memory itself, the same way data is stored.

Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC)

Became the basis for all modern computers

John von Neumann

Inventor of the Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC)

1945

The year the idea of EDVAC was suggested and incorporated into the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS)

First Portable Computer

released in 1981 by the Osborne Computer Corporation

1981 by the Osborne Computer Corporation

When and who released the First Portable Computer

Electronic Controls Company

The first computer company

John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly in 1946

Founders of the Electronic Controls Company

1970

When the development of Personal Computers began

Altair 8800, Scelbi-8H, and Apple computers

What introduced PCs to the market

Bill Gates and Paul Allen

two men that translated program instructions in Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC)

Microsoft Corporation

Introduced Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC) to the market

Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in 1972.

Founders of Apple Computer

IBM Microcomputers

expanded its market by introducing PCs suited for business

Modern Computers

Era where smaller sized computers with greater storage capacity were introduced

1980-1987

Era of Business Computers

1988-Present

Era of Modern Computers

1970-1979

Era of Personal Computers