mod 9 - blood and lymphatic system

erythrocytes

red blood cells

Leukocytes

white blood cells

thrombocytes

platelets

coagul/o

coagulation

hem/o, hemat/o

blood

cyt/o

cell

pleb/o, ven/o

vein

lymph/o

lymph

myel/o

bone marrow

tonsill/o

tonsil

splen/o

spleen

immun/o

immune system

tym/o

thumus gland

-emia

blood

-penia

deficiency

anemia

low erythrocyte count

petechia

smal bruise

ecchymosis

large bruise

hematoma

blood filled tumor/mass

hemophilia

condition of excessive bleeding/poor clotting

hemorrhage

excessive flow/loss of blood

reperfusion injuring

tissue injury after restoration of the blood flow

lymphadenopathy

disease of the lymph gland/node

lymphedema

swelling from accumulated lymph fluid

splenalgia, splenodynia

spleen pain

hematologist, immunologist, phlebotomist

specialist in blood disorders, the immune system, drawing blood

hematopoiesis

formation of blood cells

CBC

complete blood count

erythrocytosis

condition of too many erythrocytes

oligocythemia

condition of too few erythrocytes

leukocytosis

condition of too many leukocytes

leukopenia

condition of too few leukocytes

thrombocytosis

condition of too many platelets

thrombopenia

condition of too few platelets

polycythemia

condition of too many of all blood cells

pancytopenia

condition of too few of all blood cells

hematocrit

ratio of erythrocytes of total blood volume

macrocytosis

condition of large erythrocytes

microcytosis

condition of small erythrocytes

elliptocyte

ellipse-shaped erythrocyte

spherocyte

sphere-shaped erythrocyte

embolus

mass of matter in the blood

embolism

blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus

thrombus

blood clot

thromboembolism

condition where a clot travels to another location in the body

antigen

foreign substance which causes production of antibodies

antibody

substance made by the body to combat antigens

immunoglobulin

proteins in the blood that serve as antibodies

perfusion

normal blood flow through a tissue

hypoperfusion

inadequate blood flow through a tissue

sphygmomanometer

blood pressure cuff

splenomegaly

a condition where the spleen is larger than normal in size or weight

lymphangiogram

an X-ray or computer image of the lymphatic system that uses a dye or radioactive compound to highlight the lymph nodes and vessels

lymphangiography

a medical imaging procedure that uses X-rays or MRI to create pictures of the lymphatic system

normocyte

a red blood cell (RBC) that is normal in size and hemoglobin content

anisocytosis

red blood cells that are of different sizes

elliptocytosis

the RBCs assume an elliptical shape, rather than the typical round shape.

poikilocytosis

an increase in abnormal red blood cells of any shape that makes up 10% or more of the total population

thrombosis

occurs when blood clots block veins or arteries

thrombogenic

having the tendency to produce a thrombus, or clot, when in contact with blood

neutropenia

a condition where there are abnormally low levels of neutrophils in the blood, which are white blood cells that fight infection

myelopoiesis

the process of producing bone marrow and all blood cells that come from it

reticulocyte

immature red blood cells (RBCs) that are produced in the bone marrow and released into the bloodstream

hemolysis

the process by which red blood cells break down and release their contents into the surrounding fluid

asplenia

the absence of a spleen

hepatosplenomegaly

the simultaneous enlargement of both the liver (hepatomegaly) and the spleen (splenomegaly)

splenectomy

a surgical procedure to remove the spleen

splenolysis

destruction of spleen tissue

splenomalacia

a condition where the spleen becomes abnormally soft

splenoptosis

a condition where the abdominal visceral mass moves downward and forward

lymphopenia

a condition in which the blood has an insufficient number of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight infection

thymic hyperplasia

a benign condition that occurs when the thymus gland increases in size due to an increase in the number of cells

hematology

the study of blood and blood disorders

immunology

the study of the immune system

phlebology

a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of diseases of the veins

phlebotomy

a procedure that involves using a needle to extract blood from a vein, typically in the arm

phagocytosis

a process by which a cell engulfs a large particle, such as bacteria or dead cells, and destroys it

Aplastic Anemica

low erythrocytes due to insufficient production

hemolytic anemia

low erythrocytes due to premature destruction

spherocytosis

condition leading to formation of pherocytes

iron-deficiency anemia

low erythrocytes due to low iron intake

hypercoagulability

increasing clotting ability of the blood

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

clot formation in a deep vain, usually the leg

hyperbilirubenia (Jaundice)

elevated levels of bilirumbin in the blood

septicemia

toxic organisms in the blood; blood poisoning

leukemia

cancer of the blood or bone marrow

hypervolemia

increased volume of the blood

hypovolemia

decreased volume of blood

autoimmune dieases

disease caused by the body attacking itself

splenorrhexis

reptured spleen

lymphadenitis

inflammatino f the lymph nodep

ymphoma

tumor of the lymphoctes

mononucleosis

disease that increases the number of mononuclear lymphocytes

tonsilitis

inflammation of the tonsils

myeloma

tumor of the bone marrow

hemoglobinopathy

a group of disorders in which there is abnormal production or structure of the hemoglobin molecule

coagulopathy

a condition in which the blood's ability to coagulate (form clots) is impaired

phlebarteriectasia

dilatation of blood vessels

thrombophlebitis

a condition where a vein becomes inflamed and a blood clot forms, usually in the legs

immunocompromised

have a reduced ability to fight infections and other diseases