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Cell Cycle
The complex sequence of events by which cells grow and divide, comprising four distinct phases in eukaryotic cells.
Mitosis
The process of cell division involving separation of nuclear chromosomes followed by cytokinesis, producing two daughter cells.
Interphase
The phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division by doubling its mass and synthesizing DNA, encompassing G1, S, and G2 phases.
G1 Phase
The first stage of interphase where the cell increases in mass and organelle number in preparation for cell division.
Synthesis Phase (S Phase)
The phase in interphase where DNA is synthesized and chromosomes are doubled.
G2 Phase
The stage of interphase following DNA synthesis where the cell synthesizes proteins and continues to grow.
Prophase
The first stage of mitosis where chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes and changes occur in the cytoplasm and nucleus.
Metaphase
The stage of mitosis where the nuclear membrane disappears, and chromosomes align at the metaphase plate with fully developed spindle fibers.
Anaphase
The stage of mitosis where paired chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
Telophase
The final stage of mitosis where chromosomes form distinct new nuclei and cytokinesis begins.
Cytokinesis
The process of cell division where the cytoplasm of a parent cell is divided into two daughter cells.
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