Superficial & Deep Back Muscles Functions

what do the upper fibers of the trapezius do

elevation of scapula ; shrugging

what do the middle fibers of the traezius do

retract scapula ; adduction

what do the lower fibers of trapezius do

depress scapula

what does the iliocostalis do

bilateral: extension of the neck and trunk
unilateral: laterally flexes neck and trunk

what does the longissimus do

bilateral: extension, rotation
unilateral: lateral flexion of head, neck, and trunk

what does the spinalis do

bilateral: extension of neck and trunk
unilateral: lateral flexion of neck and trunk

what does the splenius cervices do

bilateral: flexion of head
unilateral: rotation of head

what does the splenius capitis do

bilateral: extension of head
unilateral: rotation of head

what does multifidus do

extension of neck & trunk, stabilization of vertebral column

what does the semispinalis cervices do

bilateral: extension of head and neck

what does the semispinalis capitus do

bilateral: extension and rotation of head

what does the rotares do

stabilizes vertebral column

what does the rectus capitis posterior major do

bilateral: extension of head
unilateral: rotation of head

what does the rectus capitus posterior minor do

bilateral: extension of head

what does the obliqus capitis superior do

bilateral: extension of the head
unilateral: lateral flexion of head

what does the obliques capitis inferior do

rotation of the head

what does the levator scapulae do

elevation of scapula; shrugging

what does the rhomboid major do

adduction of the scapula

what does the rhomboid minor do

adduction of the scapula

what does the latissimus dorsi do

arm adduction; pull down
extension of arm

medial rotation of arm