Studied by 1 personDemography
The study of human population
CDR (Crude Death Rate)
The annual number of deaths per 1000 people
CDR Formula
(number of annual deaths/ population) x 1000
CBR (Crude Birth Rate)
Number of live births per year per thousand people
CBR Formula
(Number of live births / Estimated midyear Population) x 1,000
IR (Immigration Rate)
The number of immigrants per year per 1000 people.
IR Formula
1000 X immigrants / total population
ER (Emmigration Rate)
The emigration rate measures the amount of people who leave Canada annually per 1000 people.
ER Formula
1.5 per 1000 people (Canada)
Natural Increase/ Natural Decrease (NI)
Natural increase or decrease is the combination of both the birth rate and death rate of a particular area per 1000 people per year
What is the formula for NI
(Birth rate/1000) - (Death rate/1000)
Net Migration (NM)
the difference between the number of persons who enter a territory and the number who leave calculated over a year.
NM Formula
Immigrants + (Net non-permanent residents - Net migration)
Population Growth Rate (PGR)
The natural increase rate plus the net migration rate. PGR is always expressed as a percentage.
PGR Formula
PGR = (births-deaths) + (immigration-emigration)/10
Doubling Time (DT)
The length of time for a country's population to double at a particular population growth rate
DT Formula
70 ÷ population grow rate
Infant Mortality Rate
The chance that a child, born in a specific year or period, has to die before the age of one
Total Fertility Rate
The Total Fertility Rate of a population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime. 2.1 in Canada
Life Expectancy
Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average time of a person's expectancy to live. They're based on the year of their birth, current age, and other demographic factors.
Median Age of Population
The age at the midpoint of the population
What are the top 6 Canadian Cities (2021)
Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton
How many people live in Toronto
in 2021?
6.2 million = Toronto
How many people live in Montreal?
in 2021?
3 million
How many people live in Vancouver
in 2021?
2.6 million
How many people live inOtta
in 2021?
1.488 million
How many people live in Calgary in 2021?
1.481 million
How many people live in Edm in 2021?
1.418 million
Largest City in the World (population wise)
Tokyo (37 million)
Define a Megacity
a city of population over ten million people
Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs)
City and its surrounding area ex: GTA
Top 10 Countries in the world (population wise)
India
China
U.S.A
Indonesia
Pakistan
Nigeria
Brazil
Bangladesh
Russia
Mexico
Ethiopia
Japan
How many people lived in these places in 2020?
1.428 billion
1.411 billion
335 million
278.7 million
240 million
223 million
204 million
173 million
146.9 million
131 million
126.5 million
124.5 million
How many people will live in these places in 2035?
1.567 billion
1.387 billion
360 million
308 million
298 million
291 million
228 million
195 million
139 million
138 million
115.5 mil
How many people live in Canada?
38 million
What rank is Canada in (world population wise)
38th
Factors affecting Population Growth Rate (birth rate)
Government Policy
Medicine
Economy
Religious Beliefs /
Factors affecting Population Growth Rate (death rate)
War/conflict
Unsafe food / water
Natural disasters
Pandimeic/ Epidemic
Healthcare
Famin
Factors affecting Population Growth Rate (immigration rate)
Birth Control
Branding
Job opportunities
Standard of living
Education
Conflicts
Factors affecting Population Growth Rate (emmigration rate)
lack of jobs
Political Instability
Conflict
Access to Ed
Another way to calulate PGR
Natural Increase = CBR - CDR
Why might Migration numbers not be reliable or relevant
Illegal migration
Open borders
Natural Increase
BR > DR → increase in population
BR = DR → stable population
BR < DR → decrease in population
Total Fertility Rate (Canada-wise)
For Canada to maintain zero population growth, every woman of childbearing age must give birth to an average of 2.1 children
Why is Canada's TFR at 2.1 and not 2?
infertility
Don't want to have l
2011 % of Canadians
4.3% (First Nations)
20.6% (Foreign Born)
75.1% (Descnedants of Immigration)
95.7% of Canadians are either immigrants or descendants to immigrants
What are some push factors?
Government policies
Economic Collapse
War Conflicts
Poverty
Lack of basic needs
Government
Persecution
Epidemic
Limited Education
Climate change
Natural disaster
Famine
Drought
Social Mobility
What are some pull factors?
Better Job Opportunities
Educational opportunities
Family
Ethnic and cultural diversity
Climate resilience
Free land
What are some restraining factors?
Government Policies
Non governmental groups
Dictatorship
Lack of financial means to leave
Education
Walls / barriers
Family
Language
Poverty
War
Governmental policies
Documentation
Where do immgrants tend to live?
Ontario
Quebec
British Columbia
Alberta
How many immigrants choose to live in cities?
91% of immigranats chosoe to live in cities 63.4% of them living in Toronto, Vancouver and Montreal.
32.8% choose Toronto
25% choose Vancouver
What are some reasons to live in cities?
healthcare
Job opportunities
Ethnic Enclaves
Provide support
immigration services -> housing, food, education, jobs
entertainment
Better educational opportunities
better public transportation
world cities (you would have heard about it)
Economic Class
63.4% of immigrants to Canada (4 programs in this class)
What is the first sub-class of the economic class?
Skilled worker - 67 points in the selection grid where criteria such as age, education, experience and knowledge of English and/or French are looked at. (point assessment is done for the family member with highest points) High demand occupations such as engineers, business executives, doctors, nurses, and medical technicians are fast-tracked through the system
What is the second sub-class of the economic class?
Skilled Trades - attracts immigrants with specific trade skills that are in short supply such as electricians, plumbers, machinists, loggers, and mine workers. Pass-or-fail system rather than points but they must meet the following conditions: Have a job offer in Canada strong enough language skills to do the job 2 or more years of experience in the tradeQualified to do the job by Canadian standards
What is the third sub-class of the economic class?
Canadian Experience - immigrants who have legally worked in Canada in temporary worker program for at least 1year. Pass or fail system, but the applicant does not need a job offer.
What is the fourth sub-class of the economic class?
Start-Up Visa (Business immigrants) - person must want to start up a business in Canada and 25 points are needed in the selection grid, but also they must meet the following 4 criteria: Show that approved Canadian investors will fund their business idea, High degree of proficiency in English or French,At least 1 year of post-secondary education,
What are family class immigrants?
25.6% of immigrants to Canada - Canadian residents over 19 are allowed to sponsor family members to Canada Screened for health, security and criminality,
Who are protected persons?
8.9% of immigrants to Canada
Refugee - is someone who fears persecution (religious, cultural, economic, gender, race, sexuality and political) or even death in their own country.
Canada accepts refugees from both a referral from UNHCR and privately sponsored refugees from authorized Canadian organizations.
Must go through the screening process (health, security, and criminality)
op 10 Source Countries for Immigrants to Canada 2013
China
India
Phillipines
Pakistan
Iran
USA
UK
France
Iraq
South Korea
What is Canada's provincal unemployment rate 2014?
Canada = 6.9
Note
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