Year 9 The Nervous System: Sub-Systems + Parts of the Brain

Central Nervous System

Central Nervous System

Responsible for receiving + sending info + how to respond Made up of brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System

Responsible for carrying messages to + from CNS + body Made up of nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Responsible for controlling involuntary action (E.g. heartbeat, digestion, respiration etc.) Part of PNS

Somatic Nervous System

Responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movement (E.g. walking, waving etc. ) Part of PNS

Sympathetic Nervous System

Responsible for "fight or flight" response (E.g. speeding up heart rate, dilated pupils, dilates bronchi etc. ) Part of ANS

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Responsible for "rest + digest" response (E.g. constricts pupils, stimulates saliva flow, constricts bronchi etc. ) Part of ANS

The Brain

Controls + regulates body functions Contains ~100 billion neurons

Cerebrum

Controls conscious thoughts + voluntary movement + recieves sensory info from body 80% of brain

Left Hemisphere

Language, math + logical thinking

Right Hemisphere

Creative + emotional

Frontal Lobe

Controls higher order, executive functions Includes: emotions, reasoning, movement + problem solving Located at front of brain

Parietal Lobe

Manages perception of senses Includes: taste, touch, pain temperature + pressure Located between frontal + occipital lobes

Temporal Lobe

Processes sensory info Mostly sound, smell, recognising language + forming memories Located below parietal lobe, near temples

Occipital Lobe

Responsible for vision Interprets depth, distance, location + identity of visible objects Located at back of brain

Thalamus

Processes sensory info + sends to cortex

Hypothalamus

Keeps body in homeostasis (stable state)

Pituitary Gland

Controls release of hormones

Cerebellum

Responsible for coordination + balance

Brainstem

Controls body's vital functions (E.g. breathing, blood pressure etc. )

Medulla

Controls automatic functions Part of brainstem

Pons

Assists in automatic functions Part of brainstem

Midbrain

Receives + processes sensory info Part of brainstem