Ch 6 - Specific Review

Cytoskeletal Components

• microfilaments

• intermediate filaments

• microtubules

Microfilaments

• smallest cytoskeletal component

• made of actin

• resist tension

Microtubules

• largest cytoskeletal component

• guide motor proteins

• flagella + cilia

Flagella

• made of microtubules

• tip consists of 9 doublets

• case consists of 9 triplets

Cilia

• made of microtubules

• same as flagella, but shorter

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic are smaller, more simple, and have a nucleoid while Eukaryotic are bigger, more complex, and have a nucleus.

BOTH have ribosomes and a plasma membrane

Cell Junction in Plants

plasmodesmata

Cell Junctions in Animals

• tight junctions

• desmosomes

• gap junctions

Plasmodesmata

connect the insides of adjacent cells

Tight Junctions

• prevent leakage of extracellular fluid

• fuse membranes of adjacent cells

Desmosomes

• strengthen

• fasten cells together like strong sheets

Gap Junctions

• communication

• provide channels between adjacent cells

• similar to plasmodesmata

Rough ER

• protein synthesis

• has ribosomes

Smooth ER

• lipid synthesis

• lacks ribosomes

• site of detoxification

Animal cells have….. that plant cells do not

• flagellum

• lysosomes

• centrioles

Plant cells have….. that animal cells do not

• central vacuole

• chloroplast

• cell wall

• tonoplast

Cholesterol effect on the Plasma Membrane

stabilizes fluidity