Histopathology and Medical Technology Laws Flashcards

Flashcards for Histopathology and Medical Technology Laws based on pre-board exam questions.

Ideal amount of fixative

10-15X the volume of the specimen

Microanatomical fixatives EXCEPT

Flemmings fluid

Best fixative for the nervous system

Formalin fixative

Fixative of choice for the preservation of fats

Formalin

Hellys fluid component instead of GLACIAL ACETIC ACID

Formalin

Fixative for liver, spleen, connective tissue fibers, and nuclei

Zenkers fluid

Excellent microanatomic fixative for pituitary gland, bone marrow, and blood-containing organs

Hellys fluid

Removal of mercuric chloride deposit

Sodium thiosulfate

MOST RAPID fixative for chromosomes, lymph glands, and urgent biopsies

Carnoys fluid

Fixatives mainly for acid mucopolysaccharides

Lead fixatives

Most widely used fixative for electron microscopy

Osmium tetroxide

Process of decalcification is best performed

After fixation

Most ideal and reliable method of determining extent of decalcification

X-ray or radiological test

Fastest chemical solution in decalcifying tissues

Nitric acid

Removes intracellular and extracellular water EXCEPT

Chloroform

TOXIC dehydrating agent, primarily employed for blood and tissue films and smear preparation

Methyl alcohol

Function/s of tetrahydrofuran

Both of these

Clearing agent that may be extremely toxic, carcinogenic, or cause aplastic anemia

Benzene

Process whereby the clearing agent is completely removed and replaced by a medium

Infiltration

Simplest, most common, and best embedding medium for routine tissue processing

Paraffin wax

A semi-synthetic wax used for embedding the eyes

Ester wax

The DRY celloidin embedding method is employed chiefly for the

Large brain blocks

Substitutes for paraffin wax, EXCEPT

Tissue Mat

Melting point of ester wax

46-48oC

Last container through which tissue pass through in an automatic tissue processor contains

Paraffin

Microtome knife recommended for frozen sections or hard specimens

Plane-wedge knife

Removal of gross nicks on the knife edge

Honing

Removal of burr or irregularities on the knife edge

Stropping

Angle formed between the cutting edge of the microtome knife (27o-32o)

Bevel angle

Angle formed between the surface of the block and the cutting edge of the knife (0o-15o)

Clearance angle

Microtome for large blocks and serial sections

Sliding

Temperature inside the cryostat chamber

-20oC

Effect of short burst of CARBON DIOXIDE on tissue

Freeze

Best section to demonstrate fat cells and enzymes

Frozen section

Wax surrounding tissue block when trimming

2 mm

Thickness of paraffin sections for routine histologic procedures

4-6 

Methods done for drying sections on slide, EXCEPT

On a Bunsen flame

Probable cause when clearing agent turns milky

Incomplete dehydration

Added to Mayers egg albumin to prevent mold growth

Thymol crystals

Adhesive added to the water in the floating-out bath

Gelatin

Refractive index of mountant near glass

1.518

Deparaffinization of tissue sections is accomplished by passing through

Xylol

Coverslips from slides may be removed by immersion in

Xylol

Staining with simple aqueous or alcoholic dye solutions

Direct staining

Tissue-mordant-dye complex needed

Indirect staining

Overstaining and decolorizing unwanted parts of tissue

Regressive staining

The regressive staining method employs this procedure

Differentiation

Accelerate or hasten the speed of the staining power and selectivity of the dye

Accentuators

Substances which aid in attaching a stain or dye to the tissue

Mordants

Specific dyes stain particular substances a different color from the stain itself

Metachromatic staining

Metachromatic stains, EXCEPT

Eosin

Stain demonstrating mitochondria during intravital staining

Janus Green B

Application of a different color or stain to provide contrast and background

Counterstaining

Routine stain for surgical tissue section

H&E stain

Counterstain in histopathology giving colorful contrasts to nuclear stains

Eosin

Acid dye in H&E stain

Eosin

In H&E, most fixatives can be used, EXCEPT:

osmic acid

Only substance in histopathology that can fix, differentiate or stain tissues

Picric acid

Active dye (coloring agent) in hematoxylin solution is

Hematein

Chemical oxidizing agent/ripening agent for hematoxylin, EXCEPT

Ammonium alum

Ripening agent for Harris hematoxylin

Mercuric oxide

Function of ammonium alum in the Harris hematoxylin formula

Mordant

Staining of the nuclei by alum hematoxylin is enhanced by the addition of

Glacial acetic acid

Effect of Glacial acetic acid added to hematoxylin

Enhance nuclear staining

Indication of oxidized dye on the surface of hematoxylin solution

Stain has to be discarded

Acid alcohol used in routine H&E acts as

Differentiator

Acid used in combination with alcohol in an acid alcohol solution

Hydrochloric acid

Staining result in the routine hematoxylin and eosin method

Nuclei blue to blue-black, cytoplasm pink

Common BASIC NUCLEAR STAIN for plasma cells and may also be employed in cytological examination of fresh sputum for malignant cells

Methylene blue

PAS positive substances are stained

Magenta red

Staining method for glycogen

All of these

Tubercle bacilli in Ziehl-Neelsen stain

Bright red

Feulgens reaction is the most reliable and most specific histochemical staining technique for

DNA

In the Masson-Fontana ammoniacal silver reaction, melanin and argentaffin cell granules are stained

Black

Lipids in Sudan IV are stained

Red

Positive reaction for cholesterol in Schultz Method

Blue-green

The method of choice for staining in exfoliative cytology

Paps stain

Components of the EA-50 stain, EXCEPT

Bismarck brown

Fixative used for cytologic smears, EXCEPT

10% Formalin

BEST fixative for virtually all diagnostic cytology studies but flammable and volatile

Equal parts of 95% ETOH and ether

Examples of good adhesive agents for cytologic method, EXCEPT

Leuconostoc culture

Smears prepared for cytologic examination from cut surfaces of lymph nodes can be obtained by

Touch preparation

Organisms found in the normal vaginal flora that stain BLUE to lavander with Paps method

Doderlein bacilli

Clue cells are diagnostic of what infection

Gardnerella vaginalis

Cells found in a vaginal smear which are thick and round to oval in shape with strongly basophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nucleus

Parabasal cells

Increase in size of an organ or tissue due to an increase in number of cells

Hyperplasia

Continuous abnormal proliferation of cells without control causes an overgrowth of tissue or tumor cells

Neoplasia

The dissolving of cells by enzymatic action

Autolysis

A malignant tumor is least characterized by

Encapsulation

Medical laboratory technician to be registered must have obtained a grade within this range (Medical Technology Board Exam)

70-74.9%

RA 5527 was approved on

June 21, 1969

The Blood Banking Law

RA 1517

National Blood Services Act of 1994

RA 7719

Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998

RA 8504

Newborn Screening Act of 2004

RA 9288

All services are done on a primary category laboratory except:

Blood typing

Members of the Medical technology Board are

A registered pathologist and two registered medical technologist

Sections of RA 5527 amended by PD 1534

11, 21, 29

In order to pass examination (MT), a candidate must obtain a general average of

75%

The penalty of revocation of certificate of registration may be imposed by the board if there is

Unanimous vote