Module 2: Physical Development in Early Adulthood

Emerging adulthood

The transitional period from adolescence to adulthood that typically occurs from ages 18-25

5 features of emerging adulthood

Identity exploration - particularly in regard to love and work

Instability - common to experience multiple transitions in relationships, careers, and overall development

Self-focused - making decisions based on long term self-fulfillment because there are less responsibilities and factors tying them down

Feeling in-between - emerging adults often haven’t met the internal goals or achievements they feel they need to reach before becoming a true adult

The age of possibility - independence and a chance to explore for the first time

Markers of adulthood

Most common marker in the US is a full-time job and economic independence

Taking accountability, emotional control, not getting drunk often

Accountability & emotional control may be linked to the development of the prefrontal cortex

Ways to help teens transition into adulthood

Provide them with opportunities to be contributors, give candid/quality feedback, create positive adult connections, challenge them to be more competent

Transition from high school to college

Higher levels of stress and depression due to changes

“Top-dog phenomenon” when they go from seniors to freshman again

Community events, extracurriculars, and volunteering help college students manage mental health

Peak physical performance occurs…

Between the ages of 19 & 26

Health risks in emerging adulthood

2x the mortality rate of adolescents because they’re more likely to engage in health-compromisng behaviors (drugs & alcohol), have more chronic conditions, and more likely to have a mental disorder

Eating habits in emerging adulthood

Most don’t eat 3 meals and mainly eat snacks

Lower SES individuals eat more fast food and less fruits & veggies because of a lack of access (food deserts, long hours, cost)

Exercise habits in emerging adulthood

22.9% of US adults meet exercise guidelines

Ways to improve: reducing screen times, charting progress & goals, finding enjoyable ways to stay active

Weight in the US

39.8% of adults between 20 and 39 years are classified as obese

• Factors include genetics, environmental factors, and dieting

Ozempic and GLP1 are becoming more common, they’re not recommended for weight loss

Sleep

7-9 hours of sleep is recommended

70% of college students do not get adequate sleep and the effects are decreases in GPA, increases in cardiovascular disease, shortened life span, and increase in accidents

Substance use

Chronic binge drinking is a common issue (28% of college students) and can lead to class absences, physical injuries, trouble with police, and unprotected sex

Cigarette smoking has hit an all time low and vaping has increased

44-47% of college students use marijuana