studies week 3

Milner, 1969

HM

Clive wearing

Anterograde and retrograde amnesia

NA

dorsomedial thalamus not hippocampus

Midline Diencephalon

Thalamus

Mamillary bodies

Mamillothalamic Tract

Mayes et al., 2002

Patient YR, with bilateral hippocampal damage, showed severely impaired recall but relatively preserved recognition, supporting Mandler’s (1980) two-process theory that recall depends on hippocampus-driven recollection, while recognition can rely on familiarity, supported by other brain regions.

Bowles et al 2007

NB

Matuszewski et al. (2009)

Autobiographical memory in semantic dementia declines in three stages:

1. Initially preserved,

2. Then shows a reminiscence bump (reverse gradient),

3. Finally, only recent memories remain.

Squire, 1992

Consolodation Theory

Sanders & Warrington (1971)

Found no temporal gradient in memory recall by excluding culturally famous events, aiming to measure pure episodic memory and avoid semantic contamination.

Nadel & Moscovitch (1997)

Reviewed 12 hippocampal lesion cases and found a flat pattern of retrograde amnesia, challenging the idea of a temporal gradient.

Westmacott et al. (2001)

Found no reverse temporal gradient in autobiographical memory when semantic content was controlled in amnesic patient KC.

Moscovitch et al. (1998, 1999)

MULTIPLE TRACE THEORY: Proposes that the hippocampus supports both recent and remote autobiographical memory, and explains differences between episodic and semantic memory loss.

Maguire et al. (2001)

fMRI results showed that hippocampal activation was not affected by how old a memory was, supporting the idea that age isn’t what determines hippocampal involvement.

Addis et al. (2004)

Found that more recent memories increased hippocampal activation, but when vividness was statistically controlled, this effect disappeared—suggesting vividness, not time, drives hippocampal activity.