Studied by 22 people
Original Sin
refers to the sin of the first humans
What are the three types of sin?
original, mortal, venial
Order of creation
Man, nature, animals, woman
Who named the animals?
man
what does woman represent?
perfection
Order of importance after the fall
nature, man, woman, animals
What was the social order after the fall?
patriarchal
Consequence of Original Sin
God closed the gates of heaven
Traditional understanding of Original Sin
We are born with Original Sin
Philosopher Dutton's understanding of Original Sin
We are born into Original Sin
What does it mean to be a human?
to be responsible for oneself
What does it mean to be responsible?
to be obligated
What is morality a consequence of?
obligation
Why is a moral being obligated?
A moral being is responsible and accountable
What can obligation be seen in terms of?
in terms of sin and virtue→holiness→wholeness
With sin as a religious reality, sin makes no sense if separated from?
the idea of God and our relationship with him
The quote, "I will be your God, and you will be My people," describes what?
the covenant
What is sin a failure to live up to?
the covenant
In the Old Testament, what did sin come to be seen as?
a refusal to be and do what God wanted us to be and do
How is sin our failure?
sin is our failure to accept the demands of the God of revelation on ourselves
idolatry
worshipping something in place of God
All sin is a form of what?
idolatry
What is the greatest sin?
self-sufficiency, idolatry of self
What is also seen as a rejection of God?
sins against one's neighbor
What is linked throughout scripture?
love of god and love for neighbor
True or false: Sin is not connected to any particular action in itself.
True
What is all sin?
selfishness
What is the focus of sin on?
on the meaning of the action and its effect on our relationship with God
What is sin in Scripture seen as?
a state, the state of independence from God, the state of self-sufficiency
What does the singular use of sin in the quote, "There is the lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world" (John 1:29), point to?
points to the idea that there is one great sinfulness in which we all participate
In common usage, what is sin?
the idea of things not right in the world
What three realities does sin point to?
sin as an act, a fact, and a state
"A sin is an action by which I refuse to do what I believe God wants me to do, and thereby injure my neighbor"
sin as an act
The traditional Catholic view was that sin is a what?
an act
What led to the idea of "actual sins?"
sin as an act
Sin is something we are subject to
sin as a fact
This was the idea of original sin, but it was always understood in terms of actual sin
sin as a fact
Why doe modern Catholics find it hard to accept the idea of original sin?
because it makes us responsible for the sins of another (sin as a fact)
What arose from the act of mortal sin?
sin as a state/direction
Why was mortal sin called mortal?
because it cut one off from god and destroyed that relationship
Sin was something people did
Sin as an act
What do both sin as a fact and sin as a state derive their meaning from?
sin as an act
What were mortal sins?
more serious acts
What was original sin an act of?
an act of Adam and Eve
In the view of medieval philosophy, the human person is what?
an agent
In the view of medieval philosophy, describing the human action became identical with what?
describing the human person
What did the approach of medieval philosophy regard the human person as?
two-dimensional
If humans are seen as only two dimensional, then this reality is the most significant?
sin as an act
Contemporary philosophical perspective
Humans are four-dimensional; we have depth and develop over time
This is not "the best of all possible worlds"
Sin as a fact
Expectations are disappointing, plans go unfulfilled, and desires are contradicted
sin as a fact
bad things happen to good people and it seems that evil people succeed
sin as a fact
Sin is not something we do but something we encounter
sin as a fact
This is the original sin
sin as a fact
It is sin as a situation, sin as a reality, sin as a curse
sin as a fact
Manichaeism
there are two gods, one good and the other evil; we are caught in the middle
What philosophy influenced Augustine?
manichaeism
Existentialism
the world is intrinsically evil, and sometimes evil appears as good
Proponent of existentialism
Kierkegaard
Judaeo-Christianity
the story of the man and the woman in the Garden of Eden; all of us are responsible for the situation we are in; the sin is "original" because it comes from the very beginning
The "original" sin was not one that was only introduced into the world by Adam and Eve; it is one in which we participate
sin as an act
At times we have chosen to do "acts" which have made the situation worse
sin as an act
It has become necessary to recognize that "I was wrong and I need forgiveness"
sin as an act
I discover at some point that I am truly free
Sin as a state/direction
I realize that I can either sin or grace my state in life
sin as a state/direction
I realize that I can shape the direction of my life, either toward the dream or away from it
sin as a state/direction
Since we are four-dimensional, sin is better seen as?
a direction rather than a state
Where is sin as a fact seen?
in the reality of original sin
What do we grow into?
the possibility of actual sin, the acts of sin in our own lives
What is the deepest question we must ever answer?
What will be the direction of our lives?
What should we do with the terminology that we have inherited as part of Catholic tradition?
Whatever the case, it cannot be ignored.
True or false: God was always faithful to the covenant
true
True or false: all sin is idolatry
true
True or false: one can determine whether or not an action is a sin without being the agent
false
In the Old Testament, all sin was a failure to live up to what?
the covanent
The basis for the deontological theories is what?
duty
True or false: the Old Testament has many examples of specific actions that are viewed as sins
false
True or false: In describing human actions, we are able to describe the human person who did the action
false
True or false: a sign of original sin in the world is that bad things happen to fundamentally good people
true
Because sins against one's neighbor are a rejection of God as well. we can say that all sin has a _________dimension
social
In traditional theology, the only way to remove the affects of _____ is through baptism
original sin
True or false: private sin does not exist
true
This is another way of speaking about the moral way of a person
sin as a direction
The traditional catholic view of sin regards this as the focal point of sin
sin as an act
True or false: The point of the story of original sin is that God is responsible for sin in the world
false
True or false: I can be certain of my fundamental state or direction based on the actions I have performed and reflection
false
It is possible for a good person to perform sinful acts without affecting their fundamentally good stance
true
Venial sins
refers to those that are small and petty in nature
Failure to fulfill a ___ can be seen to create a condition of sin, while fulfilling it creates a stance of virtue
obligation
Another name for the dimension of depth
personhood
True or false: According to contemporary theology, we are able to participate in Original Sin
True (personal sin)
What comes through mortal sin?
direction
A fundamental option could be seen at this level
sin as an act
This is the basis for the orientation of one's life
sin as a direction
True or false: The reason Catholics must be baptized is because God has never forgiven original sin
false
Note 
Flashcard (25)