Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy 10th Edition - Corey - Tammy_Waz

Synthesizing the approaches covered in the text:

often requires many years of study, training, and practical counseling experience.

The author makes a case for

initially getting an overview of the major theoretical orientations, and then delving more deeply into each approach.

Which one of the following is not considered an experiential and relationship-oriented therapy?

family systems therapy

Which one of the following is not associated with the cognitive-behavioral action-oriented therapies?

Existential Therapy

Which of the following statements about theories or models of counseling/ psychotherapy is true?

There is a clear place for theoretical pluralism in our society.

Effective psychotherapy is a practice in which:

the client and therapist collaborate in co-constructing solutions to problems.

Francesca, a cognitive behavioral therapist, likes to give homework assignments to her clients. What might her rationale be for doing this?

Homework can be a vehicle for assisting her clients in putting into action what they are learning in therapy.

What type of factors oftentimes limit our freedom of choice?

all of these (social biological environmental cultural)

A comprehensive approach to counseling:

goes beyond focusing on our internal dynamics and addresses those environmental and systemic realties that influence us

Culturally encapsulated counselors would be most likely to:

depend entirely on their own internalized value assumptions about what is good for people

In the text, all of the following are listed as characteristics of the counselor as a therapeutic person except:

counselors no longer have to cope with personal problems

You are working with an ethnic minority client who is silent during the initial phase of counselling. This silence is probably best interpreted as:

A response consistent with his or her cultural context

Confidentiality must be breached and information must be reported by practitioners when

clients pose a danger to others; a child under the age of 16 is the victim of incest, rape, or child abuse; an older adult is being abused; the therapist determines that the client needs immediate, involuntary hospitalization.

An authentic counsellor is best described as:

being willing to shed stereotyped roles and being a real person.

Many ethical codes state that dual or multiple relationships

should be avoided whenever possible.

Which of the following statements is not true about guidelines for ethical practice in counseling and psychotherapy?

Practitioners are free to formulate any ethics they choose.

Which humanistic approach emphasizes the basic attitudes of the therapist as the core of the therapeutic process?

person-centred therapy

Adler believed that human behaviour is:

motivated by social urges and purposeful and goal-directed.

The purpose of examining a client's family constellation is:

To get a picture of the individual's early social world.

"Fictional finalism" is an Adlerian term meaning:

an imagined central goal that guides our behaviour.

The existential philosophy of therapy includes the notion(s) that:

people are thrust into a meaningless and absurd world and that they are basically alone and people must create their own meanings through their choices

A comprehensive approach to counseling :

goes beyond focusing on our internal dynamics and addresses those environmental and systemic realities that influence us.

Culturally encapsulated counselors would be most likely to

Depend entirely on the own internalized value assumptions about what is good for people.

Forming personal and social relationships with clients is:

often an example of a dual relationship

Sex between a client and therapist can be considered to be a form of:

professional incest, dual relationship, illegal and unethical activity and a powerful betrayal of trust (ALL OF THE ABOVE).

In a study of counselors dealing with sexual attractions toward clients (Pope, Keith-Spiegel, and Tabachnick, 1986) it was concluded that

graduate training programs are leaving trainees largely unprepared for successfully dealing with their attractions.

Confidentiality can be considered as

central to developing trust in the therapeutic relationship, both an ethical and a legal issue, AND something that is regulated by professional judgment.

If a therapist determines that a client is suicidal, then

the therapist has a legal obligation to protect the client AND the therapist may have to seek consultation.

Which of the following actions is appropriate when a counselor feels that he or she is unqualified to work with a particular client?

Avoid initiating the counseling relationship, immediately terminate the relationship, suggest appropriate alternatives AND provide a referral. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

It is especially important for counselors who work with culturally diverse client populations to:

be aware of their own cultural heritage, have a broad base of counseling techniques that can be employed with flexibility, consider the cultural context of their clients in determining what interventions are appropriate, AND examine their own assumptions about cultural values. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

From a Freudian point of view, anxiety is best described as

a function of repressed, threatening material

Evidence for postulating the concept of the unconscious includes:

dreams, post-hypnotic suggestions, free-association. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

Transference is viewed as:

the core of the psychoanalytic process AND a means to uncover earlier unfinished business from past relationships.

As a result of the client/therapist relationship in the psychoanalytic therapy,

clients acquire insights into their own unconscious psychodynamics, clients are better able to understand the association between their past experiences and their current behavior, AND awareness is increased on the client's part. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

The techniques of psychoanalytic therapy are aimed at

fostering insights into the client's behavior

According to Adler, childhood experiences

in themselves are not as crucial as is our attitude toward these experiences.

The Adlerian point of view toward the role of insight in therapy is best stated as:

Insight is necessary before one can make any fundamental change.

Which is (are) true concerning one's style of life?

All people have a lifestyle, but no two people develop exactly the same style, the lifestyle is largely set by the age of 5, one's style of life is a reaction to perceived inferiority, AND one's style of life is learned from early interactions in the family.

In Adlerian counseling, the client/therapist relationship is characterized by

cooperation and respect AND equality.

Adlerians believe that discouragement

is the basic condition that prevents people from functioning AND can be overcome by encouragement.

One way that clients in Adlerian therapy are encouraged to change is

by acting as if they were already the way they want to be.

The basic goal of existential theory is

to expand self-awareness, to increase choice potentials, to help clients accept the responsibility of choosing AND to help the client experience authentic existence. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

Which technique is considered essential in existential therapy?

NON OF THE ABOVE - NOT free association, NOT analysis of resistance, NOT script analysis, NOT role playing

The philosophical assumptions underlying the existential approach include the notion(s) that

people are thrust into a meaningless and abstract world and that they are basically alone.

Which of the following is considered important person-centered therapy?

Accurate therapist interpretation

What is the central variable related to progress in person-centered therapy?

The relationship between the client and therapist.

"Therapist congruence" is a term that refers to the therapist's

genuineness

In person-centered therapy, transference is

not an essential or significant factor in the therapy process.

Which of the following is a contribution of the person-centered viewpoint?

It calls attention to the need to account for a person's inner experience AND it has relied on research to validate the concepts and practices of the approach.

What is a limitation of person-centered therapy?

People in crisis situations often need more directive intervention strategies.

Which of the following personal characteristics the therapist is most important, according to Rogers?

Genuineness

Which of the following is not true about the most recent trends in person-centered therapy?

Acceptance and clarification are the main techniques used.

Rogers's current position on confronting the client is:

caring confrontations can be beneficial.

Carl Rogers drew heavily from existential concepts, especially as they apply to

the client/therapist relationship

The most important "technique" in person-centered therapy resulting in change is:

the relationship itself

Living authentically implies:

being true to our own evaluation of what constitutes a meaningful existence AND accepting responsibility for the fact that we create our lives by the choices we make.

The goals of existential therapy include all but _____________

helping clients eliminate anxiety in their lives. DOES INCLUDE: helping clients become more honest with themselves, broadening client's awareness of their choices, enabling clients to clarify their purpose and meaning in life.

Attributing to others the qualities or traits that are unacceptable to our own ego is best described as:

Projection

"Ultimate rescuer"

we believe there are powerful people who help us remain protected from our existential concerns

but our existential concerns are a part of our existence

-we can only live with vitality and authenticity if we come to terms with this

Countertransference

includes any of our projections that influence the way we perceive and react to a client.

The founder of Gestalt therapy is :

Fritz and Laura Perls

Which is not true of Gestalt therapy?

The focus is on the why of behavior.

Which of the following is not a key concept of Gestalt therapy?

Intellectual understanding of one's problems

According to the Gestalt view,

awareness is necessary , but not sufficient, condition for change.

The Gestalt therapist

pays attention to the client's nonverbal language.

Gestalt therapy can best be characterized as

an experiential therapy

Gestalt techniques are aimed at

integrating conflicting aspects with the person.

Gestalt therapy encourages clients to

experience feelings intensely, stay in the here-and-now, work through the impasse, AND pay attention to their own nonverbal messages. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

A limitation of Gestalt therapy is that

it is not grounded in solid theory AND it discounts cognitive factors in therapy. (Both B AND C)

The Gestalt approach can be applied to

individual counseling, group counseling, school and classroom situations, AND intensive workshops. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

A contribution of this therapeutic approach (Gestalt) is that

it enables intense experiencing to occur quickly, it can be a relatively brief therapy, and it stresses doing and experiencing, as oposed to talking about problems.

The therapeutic goals of Gestalt therapy include encouraging the client to

move toward a greater self-awareness AND gradually assume ownership of and responsibility for their experience.

Which of the following is not true about Gestalt techniques

Experiments are always carried out during the therapy session, rather than outside it.

Perls believed that clients play "blaming games" to

avoid taking responsibility for their own growth, to prevent themselves from becoming fully alive, AND to avoid staying in the "now" (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

Which of the following is not true about the Gestalt view of the role of confrontation in therapy?

It is not possible to be both confrontative and gentle with clients.

Which of the following Gestalt techniques is designed to help clients recognize and accept their feelings, rather than projecting them onto others?

"I take responsibility for.." this is an "I" statement. I/Thou

Reality therapy has gained popularity with

school counselors and administrators, school teachers (both elementary and secondary), AND rehabilitation workers. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

Which of the following is not a characteristic of reality therapy?

Bringing out repressed feelings through dream work

Reality therapy is best described as

a short-term therapy

This approach to therapy (reality) is designed to help people achieve

a "success identity" AND the ability to accept and live in reality (BOTH A AND C)

Success Identity

(reality) ind is able to give and receive love, has a sense of self worth and pssess the strenght to create a satisfying life

According to the philosophy of reality therapy,

Which is not a key concept of reality therapy?

Emphasis is given to unconscious motivation.

Which of the following is not true of reality therapy?

Working through the transference relationship is essential for therapy to occur.

Regarding the goals of reality therapy

it is the client's responsibility to decide goals.

The function of the reality therapist is

to assist clients in facing reality AND to encourage clients to make a value judgment concerning the quality of their behavior. (BOTH A AND B)

Which statement is not true of reality therapy?

It focuses on attitude change as a prerequisite for behavior change.

Reality therapy was originally designed for working with

youthful offenders in detention facilities.

Which method is often used in reality therapy?

Which of the following procedures would a reality therapist be least likely to employ?

Reliving an early childhood event

Which of the following are true of people who have a success identity?

They are able to give and receive love, they possess a sense of self-worth, AND the possess strength which creates a satisfying life. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

According to Glasser, criticism has a place in therapy when it

involves making value judgments about a client's behavior, is aimed more at our behavior than our person AND comes from a therapist who is friendly and caring. (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

A reality therapist will primarily focus on

present behavior

When reality therapists explore a client's past, they tend to focus on

past successes

In reality therapy, the purpose of developing an action plan is

to arrange for successful experience (NOTATED: THIS IS CORRECT?)

In reality therapy, when a client fails to carry out their plans, the therapist will

challenge the client to accept the reasonable consequence of their behavior

Once clients make certain judgments about their behavior and decide how they want to change, the reality therapist expects them to

develop specific plans to change behavior; make a commitment to carry out plans in daily life (BOTH B AND C)

Reality therapy rests on the central idea that

we choose our behavior and are responsible for what we do, think and feel

The core of reality therapy consists of

teaching clients to take effective control of their own lives

All of the following are procedures that are commonly used in reality therapy except (EXCEPTION IS EXCLUDED - ONLY CORRECT PROCEDURES ARE LISTED):

exploring wants, needs, and perceptions; focusing on current behavior; planning and commitment; skillful questioning