AP 9 Lesson 3 – Needs, Wants, and Filipino Consumer Rights

40 question-and-answer flashcards covering Maslow’s and ERG theories, classifications of wants and goods, factors influencing consumption, and the rights and responsibilities of Filipino consumers.

What are the two main components of a person that produce diverse needs?

Body and soul (physical and spiritual aspects).

Besides food, shelter, and clothing, name two non-material basic needs people require to live meaningfully.

Possible answers include education, spirituality, love, confidence (any two).

Who developed the Hierarchy of Needs concept?

Abraham Maslow.

What is the lowest level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

Physiological needs.

In Maslow’s hierarchy, which level concerns protection from harm?

Safety and security needs (second level).

Which level of Maslow’s hierarchy involves friendship, family, and intimacy?

Love and belongingness.

According to Maslow, what two kinds of esteem make up the fourth level of needs?

Self-esteem and esteem from others.

Give one example of a higher-level need in Maslow’s hierarchy.

Truth, justice, beauty, unity, or self-actualization (any one).

Which psychologist proposed the ERG theory?

Clayton Paul Alderfer.

What do the letters E, R, and G stand for in ERG theory?

Existence, Relatedness, and Growth.

How does ERG theory modify Maslow’s idea about satisfying needs?

It allows people to pursue multiple levels of needs simultaneously.

What is the ‘frustration-regression’ principle in ERG theory?

Failure to meet a higher need makes a person intensify efforts to satisfy lower-level needs.

What is ‘satisfaction-progression’ in ERG theory?

Success in meeting lower needs leads a person to strive for higher-level needs.

Into what two broad categories are wants divided in economics?

Economic wants and noneconomic wants.

What is a free good?

A product acquired without cost and not for sale.

When can free goods become economic goods?

When they undergo processing or economic activity and are sold in the market.

Give one example of an economic good mentioned in the lesson.

Bottled mineral water or solar electric energy.

According to Dr. Bernardo Villegas, economic wants are classified in which two main ways?

Basic vs. created wants and public vs. private wants.

What are basic wants?

Necessities people cannot live without.

What are the two kinds of basic wants?

Universal basic wants and relative basic wants.

State three universal basic wants.

Food, shelter, and clothing.

What are created wants?

Wants generated by media that make advertised products seem like necessities.

What are public wants?

Wants satisfied by goods or services provided for society as a whole, such as education and healthcare.

What are private wants?

Particular needs that vary among individuals or groups.

What does Engel’s Law say about income and food spending?

As family income rises, the percentage of income spent on food declines.

How does population size affect economic wants?

More people create more wants to satisfy (and vice versa).

What is the demonstration effect created by advertising?

The tendency of consumers to imitate the consumption patterns of others.

How does physical environment affect people’s economic wants?

Climate and surroundings influence items like clothing, housing, and heating or cooling needs.

Define urbanization.

The process by which rural areas become industrialized and people migrate to cities.

List two factors that cause individual differences in economic wants.

Gender, age, physical condition, nature of work, status in life, etc. (any two).

Why is consumption considered a major economic activity?

It drives the production and supply of goods and services.

Which Philippine agency specified the eight basic consumer rights?

The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI).

What is the first basic right of the Filipino consumer?

The right to basic needs.

Which consumer right protects against hazardous products?

The right to safety.

Which consumer right ensures access to a variety of goods at competitive prices?

The right to choose.

Which consumer right guarantees accurate facts for informed decisions?

The right to information.

Name two responsibilities of the Filipino consumer.

Critical awareness, action, social concern, environmental awareness, or solidarity (any two).

What does the responsibility of critical awareness require from consumers?

To check use, price, quality, warranties, and possible negative effects of products before buying.

How does solidarity empower consumers?

United consumers gain strong bargaining power against unfair business practices.

Which consumer responsibility promotes resource efficiency and environmental protection?

Environmental awareness.