2308 - Case Studies

Amnesia

Loss of memory

-Short term memory is more impacted

-harder to learn a new skill

Long term memory is not as impacted

-Unlimited storage

Amnesia - what could help?

- Step into their reality

- Validation therapy

Aphasia

Loss of language

Can hear words but not comprehend

Understanding reading and writing

Aphasia - what to do and not do

- Talking louder, or slower would be more demeaning

- Visual prompts are important

- Non-verbal language

Agnosia

Loss of Recognition

- Can confuse child as a sibling

- Brushing hair with a fork

- Spilling juice in a cereal bowl

Agnosia - what could help?

Labelling things to help

-the name, what to do with it

-ex; brush, use it along your hair

Apraxia

Loss of purposeful movement

- The ability to initiate movement

- Muscle has ability, but not sending it to brain

- Not sending proper signal

Apraxia - example

- can't put clothes on the right way

- layering clothing

- set clothes out in order, clear guidance

Apathy

Loss of ability to initiate

- Mistaken for depression

- Labelled as lazy or sad (not necessarily true)

Apathy - example

- indifferent about getting up

- sitting in a chair all day, not engaging

- TR initiate interactions and guide participation

Altered Perceptions

Loss of environmental perception

- May experience delusions, hallucination

- Think they're experiencing something very real

Altered Perceptions - example

- seeing a stranger in the room

- yelling at the mirror, "get out of here!"

- TR can cover the mirror

Anosognosia

- Diminised self-awareness

- Not aware of illness/lack of awareness

- Mistaken as stubborn

Anosognosia - TR role

Reminding in a calm considerate manner

Validate, remaining calm

"must be so hard" "must be frustrating" "I'm sorry your feeling this way"

Anosognosia - example

- "I don't need any help"

- refusing all prompts for self care

- apply knowledge of personal routines

Attention deficit

- difficulty sustaining or shifting attention

- Concentrating is difficult

- Filtering information is difficult

Attention deficit - challenges

Harder time shifting attention

- Ex; difficult to read prompts, listening to reporter on TV, not finishing a meal

- May not know why, or what's going on

TR and early stage of dementia

Look at SPECS

- maintaining skills

Reminiscence therapy

Videos, pictures, smells

- fosters comfort

Late Stage Dementia - TR Perspective

- Provide opportunities with touch, vision, hearing

- Validating the individual

Validation Therapy

Can connect and help resolved unresolved issues

Tapping, touch, let out feelings and emotions

Doll Therapy

- Purposely and carefully applied

- Introduce doll when wanting to comfort

Pet therapy - can be what?

A form of robot or stuffie - know if they believe is real

What is Doll Therapy?

A therapeutic intervention for dementia that involves using dolls to provide comfort and reduce anxiety.

What is Animal/Pet Visitation?

A therapeutic intervention for dementia that involves bringing animals to visit patients to enhance emotional well-being.

What is Validation Therapy?

A therapeutic approach that acknowledges and validates the feelings and experiences of dementia patients.

What is Reality Orientation?

A therapeutic intervention that helps dementia patients become more aware of their surroundings and current time.

What is Horticulture Therapy?

A therapeutic intervention that involves gardening activities to improve the well-being of dementia patients.

What is Exercise/Walking Therapy?

A therapeutic intervention that encourages physical activity to enhance the health and mood of dementia patients.

What is Art/Music Therapy?

A therapeutic intervention that uses creative activities to improve emotional and cognitive functioning in dementia patients.

What is Laughter Therapy?

A therapeutic approach that uses humor and laughter to improve the mood and well-being of dementia patients.

What is Reminiscing/Life Story Therapy?

A therapeutic intervention that encourages patients to recall and share memories to enhance their sense of identity.

What is Montessori Therapy?

A therapeutic approach that uses structured activities and environments to engage dementia patients in meaningful tasks.