Forensics

If a police dispatcher receives a call that involves a confirmed homicide, he or she then contacts a

police supervisor

What type of system forms the 'backbone' of any police dispatch centre?

CAD

Which of the following is not a task of the first responding police officers at a serious crime scene?

(A.) Contact the victim's family

After a patrol unit has arrived at a scene, officers will typically first

contact the dispatcher using their police radio

Patrol officers typically will maintain a secure perimeter around a crime scene until the...

investigation has concluded

Identify four tasks for which the first responding police officers at a crime scene are responsible.

1. Cordoning off the crime scene to preserve evidence

2. Checking to confirm that the suspect is no longer present

3. Making an intial determination as to whether the victim needs medical attention

4. Requesting additional resourced to initiate a proper police investigation

Identify one similarity and one difference between a police evaluator and a police dispatcher.

- police evaluators are responsible for determining a proper course of action whereas the police dispatcher ensures the appropriate polive resources are dispatched to priority calls

- both evaluator and dispatcher are usually trained civilians

Describe the purpose and importance of a CAD system to police officers.

Cad system allows police dispatches and call evaluators to keep track of incoming info related to a particular call for service. Important in potentially dangerous sitiations that are unfolding quickly

Homicide detectives are responsible for investigating....

occurred all deaths that appear suspicious

To make sense of the large amount of data related to a homicide, detectives often work with a...

crime analyst

What is the first task that forensic identification officers complete when they get to a crime scene?

Speak to the primary investigator or patrol officer supervisor.

Often homicide suspect interviews are conducted by a

polygraph unit detective

To determine if a homicide suspect has been truthful, he or she may be followed and observed by a

surveillance team

If a homicide suspect is apprehended, a search warrant is required for

blood and saliva samples

After a complete search of a homicide crime scene has been completed, forensic identification officers

place bags over the victim's hands and feet to preserve any trace evidence

During a properly run homicide investigation, who removes the victim's body from the crime scene?

(A.) Medical Examiner

Which of the following people are both present during the autopsy of a victim by a Medical Examiner?

forensic identification officer and the primary homicide detective

Before an accused suspect is transported to a Remand Centre for the first time, he or she is given a

bail hearing

In what part of the residence was the murder victim found?

Floor of the garage

How did the victim die?

A stab wound to the chest

Immediately after the patrol officers discovered the victim's body, they

contacted their supervisor and set up a perimeter around the house

An ambulance from Emergency Medical Services was dispatched to the scene to

confirm that the victim is dead

Soft body armour, such as the bullet-resistant vest, prevents injury from a gunshot by

absorbing the impact of the fired bullet

A bullet-resistant vest is made from

multiple layers of Kevlar fabric interspersed with layers of nylon fabric

From which of the following objects would a bullet-resistant vest provide protection?

Handgun bullet

When a bullet hits a bullet-resistant vest containing Kevlar, the vest causes the bullet to

D. mushroom

Which of the following pairs of factors influence the design of bullet-resistant vests because they cause Keviar to break down?

Moisture and ultraviolet rays

Why is hard body armour considered impractical for daily use by police officers?

It restricts movement.

Kevlar consists of many repeating single molecular units called

D.)monomers

A single Kevlar fibre consists of molecules

oriented parallel to each other

Why is Kevlar expensive to produce?

Precautions have to be taken because sulfuric acid must be used.

How does the conducted energy device (CED) immobilize a suspect?

It disrupts superficial muscle function.

The CED immobilizes a suspect through a process known as

neuromuscular incapacitation

Two body systems that the CED targets are

nervous and muscular

Which of the following sets of three symptoms is experienced by a person after he or she is hit by a CED?

A.)Pain, paralysis, and disorientation

Application of the CED upon an individual causes an increase in

lactate production

When the dart-like metal electrodes of the CED penetrate a target, they release

an electric charge

Which of the following materials is depleted from muscle tissue because of the application of a CED?

c.) Oxygen

The average electrical current supplied to a subject by a CED is

B. 1.8 amperes

circumstance that does not justify the use of a CED is a subject

noisily shouting obscenities

The active ingredient in standard police issue pepper spray is

capsaicin

Pepper spray is an inflammatory agent that causes immediate swelling of the eyes because of

capillary dilation

Which of the following substances can be used to minimize the effects of pepper spray?

Milk

What is the percentage of OC found in the most effective pepper spray?

2% to 10%

Both pepper spray and tear gas are

lacrymatory agents

At room temperature, 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS) in tear gas is a

solid

Which of the following substances or solutions is most effective when used to remove CS from a surface?

D.) Baking soda mixed with water

Inhaling CS gas causes coughing and breathing difficulties because it

causes irritation of the trachea

What percentage of people seek medical attention after being exposed to tear gas?

0% to 1%

Forensic anthropology is an applied specialized subfield of anthropology in which the goal is to analyze and interpret

human remains

The bones shown above are likely

leg bone

femur has a relatively When compared with an animal leg bone, a human

spherical head

When compared with an animal leg bone, a human femur has a relatively

spherical head

The two regions of the skull most useful in determining ancestry are

the orbits and nasal regions

The base of the nasal area in a Mongoloid skull is often

flared

When compared among ancestral groups, the space between the eyes and nose in the skull of a Negroid individual tends to be

wider

Which of the following three skeletal parts have characteristics that differ in appearance in human males compared to human females?

Femur, pelvis, skull

The skeleton described is likely the remains of a

Caucasoid female

When compared to the human male pelvis, the human female pelvis generally

is wider

In attempts to determine the type of traumatic injury that has occurred, the most useful skeletal evidence is

fractures

The type of bone fracture that occurs is dependent upon the

direction from which force is applied

What is the most common type of force that causes traumatic injury?

Beding

An injury caused by a blow from a large instrument with a flat or round surface is known as

blunt force trauma

Which of the following observations describes the bone injury that is most often caused by projectile trauma?

D. Displacement of bone with radiating fracture lines from the point of impact

Which of the following objects is most likely to cause projectile trauma'?

Bullet

What will appear in bone if the force during sharp force trauma is perpendicular?

Puncture wound

Which of the following bones is often fractured in victims of strangulation?

Hyoid

Insects help to recycle organic matter in the environment through the process of

decomposition

Why does insect colonization of a corpse occur in a predictable fashion?

Various insects feed upon various parts of the body.

An estimation of the age of the insects that have colonized the body can lead to

an estimation of the time since death

How does the purpose of a clinical autopsy differ from that of a forensic autopsy?

A clinical autopsy is done to observe the process of a disease or condition for research purposes whereas a forensic autopsy is done to determine the cause of death.

What is the significance of the forensic team maintaining the position of the body and of the body bag being locked before transporting of the body?

The position is maintained to make inferences about the cause of death, and the body bag is locked to ensure all the evidence was from the crime scene and nothing is missing.

In a homicide investigation, the forensic team covers the hands of the victim

B.) to reduce condensation and microbial growth that might destroy or alter the evidence

Autop A bread knife is used to make the slices of organs very thin to

to allow light to pass through during microscopic analysis

For what is the Stryker saw used? How has it been designed for its purpose?

The Stryker saw is used to cut into the skull. It is designed to cut into the skull while keeping the soft brain intact.

6. During a pneumothorax, the swelling of the chest is the result of an injury that has caused

the air pressure to increase inside the chest

7. How are injuries related to receiving CPR similar to blunt force trauma injuries of the chest?

To restart the heart, the chest compressions during CPR require a large amount of force.

Why might increased pressure due to fluid building in the pericardium cause contraction of the heart muscle to be more difficult?

Increased pressure on the outside of the heart does not allow the muscle to expand fully.

Select the best scenario to produce a patterned abrasion.

A pedestrian was hit by the front of a car with a distinct grill pattern

How can pathologists use the features of a wound to describe the unique characteristics of a knife?

The blade and ricasso have a very distinct length and width that can be measured from the wound and then compared to a suspected knife.

Which type of contusion looks very similar to Tardieu spots?

Petechia contusion

Pressure on the carotid arteries causes fainting within 10 seconds or deathi minutes afterwards because

the carotid artery supplies the brain with fresh oxygenated blood that tuhe brain requires to perform its daily processes

Which breakdown of the word hypoxic describes its definition?

"Hypo" means below or less than normal; "oxic" means containing oxygen.

In homicide investigations, the most common form of injury and the most common form of injury causing death, respectively, are

D. Blunt force trauma and gunshot wounds

What causes livor mortis?

The blood pools inside the blood vessels due to the force of gravity.

What causes rigor mortis?

The muscles are in a constant stated flexion because of a lack of ATP available to break the myosin head from the actin protein structure.

What causes rigor mortis to stop after a few days?

the body begins to go through the process of autolysis, which is when the enzymes break down cell tissue.

Which sense in dogs is 50 times more sensitive than in humans?

Smell

Which country established the first police dog training program in the world?

Belgium

The first job that dogs performed for the RCMP was

pulling sleds

The most common dog breed used for law enforcement is the

German Shepherd

Dogs were used extensively during World War I and World War II to

guard prisoners

What traits make the German Shepherd well suited for police work?

Consistent temperament, working drive, and intelligence

A Belgian Malinois will work for several hours to get

D. a chance to play with its favourite toys

Which dog breed is best suited for detecting drugs or explosives?

Labrador Retriever

How did police service dog Titus die in the line of duty?

He was struck by a car while pursuing a suspect.

A police dog is trained to apprehend a suspect by

D. grabbing and holding the suspect until its handler gives a release command

Police service dogs are most commonly used by police departments for

tracking and apprehending fleeing suspects

Which of the following traits is useful for a police service dog to possess but must also be kept in check?

Aggression

4. When a police officer becomes involved in an imprinting program, they are responsible for

the care and development of a police service puppy for one year