IT ERA QUIZ 1

ICT

Information and Communication Technology

ICT

Integration of telecommunications, computers, other technologies

ICT

Encompasses a broad array of devices and systems including the:

Internet

Wireless networks

Cellphones

Broadcasting mediums

Audio-visual processing

Facilitating communications

Information management across various platforms and industries

ICT

Enables users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate informAtions

Communication

Education

Work

Socializing

Uses of ICT

Communication

Allows instant communication across great distance

Education

Provides access to educational resources and platforms such as e-books, online courses, and virtual classrooms

Work

Organizations use ICT to operate efficiently, making ICT skills essential for employees

Socializing

Social media has transformed how people interact, form relationships, and access information

Access to information and Enhanced communication

Increased connectivity through volP and instant messaging

Improved access to education

Distance learning and online tutorials

New tools, new opportunities

Assistive technologies for people with disabilities

Information management

Efficient data management and stock control

Security

Data protection through encryption and 2FA

Global participation

Involvement in global communities and projects

Simulations and experimentation

Use of simulations for training and experimentations

Creation of New Jobs

Emerging careers in ICT- related fields

Negative Impacts of ICT

Job loss

Cost

Reduced physical activity

Competitions

Reduced personal interaction

Computer

Is a programmable machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions

Computer

Has the ability to store, retrieve and process data

1613

First use of the word COMPUTER

Computer

Richard Braithwaite

Computer

A person who carried out calculations or computations

Tally Sticks

Ancient memory aid service

Tally Sticks

To record and document numbers, quantities, and even massages

Abacus

Mechanical device

Abacus

Used to aid an individual performing basic arithmetic operations

Abacus

Was invented in Babylonia in 2400

Napier’s Bones

John Napier

1614

Napier’s Bone

Allowed the operator to multiply, divide, calculate square and cube root by moving the rods and placing them in a specially constructed boards.

Slide Rule

William Oughtred

1622

Slide rule

Based on Napier’s ideas about logarithms

Slide Rule

Used primarily for multiplication, division, roots, logarithms, trigonometry but NOT used for addition or subtractions

Slide rule

Not used for addition or subtraction

Pascaline

Blaise pascal

Blaise pascal

French mathematician philosopher

Pascaline

1642

Pascaline

It could only do addition and subtraction

Pascaline

It is too expensive

Step reckoner

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

Step reckoner

1643

Step reckoner

1st non-programmable mechanical computer that could perform all 4 arithmetic operations automatically

Jacquard Loom

Joseph Marie Jacquard

Jacquard loom

1801

Jacquard loom

A weaving device that is incorporated in special looms to control individual warp yarns

Arithmometer

1820

Aruthmometer

The first reliable, useful and commercially successful calculating machine

Arithmometer

Could perform the 4 basic mathematic functions

Arithmometer

1st mass produced calculating machine

Charles Babbage

Father of computer

Charles babbage

English mechanical engineer in 19th century

Charles babbage

Devised a theory of the 1st programmable computer

Difference Engine

1st mechanical computer

Difference engine

Designed to aid navigational calculations

Difference engine

A machine that could approximate polynomials started construction in 1822 but was unfortunately abandoned

Analytical Engine

General purpose computer

Analytical computer

Automatic computer

Analytical computer

It could be given data and run operations in sequence

Analytical engine

It was never fully constructed since the government stopped funding the project

Ada Lovelace

Augusta ada king, countless of lovelace

Ada lovelace

1st computer programmer

Ada lovelace

Recognized in 1843 for her annotations on the programming of the analytical engine to compute bernoulli numbers

Scheutzian calculation engine

Per Georg Scheutz

Scheutzian Calculation Engine

1843

Scheutzian calculation engine

Based on charles babbage’s difference engine

Scheutzian calculation engine

1st printing calculater

Electric tabulating machine

Herman hollireth

Electric tabulating machine

Designed to assist in summarizing information stored on punch cards

Electric tabulating machine

Invented to help process data for the 1980 census

Turing machine

Alan turing

Turing machine

1936

Turing machine

Universal computing machine now know as a universal turing machine, considered as the modern computer

Turing machine

The stored programmed in tape, where all the instructions for the computing are stored in memory

Harvard mark l

Howard H. Aiken

Harvard mark l

1944

Harvard mark l

Also known as IBM Automatic sequence controlled calculator (ASCC)

Howard Mark l

One of the earliest electromechanical computers

Howard mark l

1st large scale automatic digital computer

Z3

Konrad Zuse

konrad Zuse

German engineer

Z3

1941

Z3

1st programmable digital computer

Z3

Used mechanical relays for computation

Eniac

John Presper

Joh W. Mauchly

Eniac

1964

Eniac

Electronic Numerical Integrator and computer

Eniac

World’s 1st general-purpose electronic computer

Eniac

Also considered as the landmark in the evolution of computers

Osborne 1

1981

Osborne 1

1st widely accepted portable computers

Osborne 1

It did not include a battery required plugging into a main socket

The mother of all demos

Douglas Engelbart

The mother of all demos

Internet and computer pioneer

The mother of all demos

Mouse

Apple

Released its 1st GUI operating system, macintosh in 1984

Microsoft

Debuted its 1st GUI the following year in windows 1.0