Anabolic and Catabolic Reactions

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?

Glycolysis; Krebs Cycle; Electron Transport Chain.

How are anabolism and catabolism interconnected?

Energy released from catabolic reactions powers anabolic reactions, creating a balanced metabolic network.

What is metabolism?

The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism, divided into anabolic and catabolic reactions.

Define anabolic reactions.

Reactions that build larger molecules from smaller ones and require energy.

Give an example of an anabolic reaction.

Protein synthesis, where amino acids join to form polypeptides.

What role do enzymes play in anabolic reactions?

They catalyze anabolic reactions, enabling complex molecules to form efficiently.

Define catabolic reactions.

Reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy.

Give an example of a catabolic reaction.

Cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down to produce ATP.

What is hydrolysis in the context of catabolic reactions?

Using water to break bonds and split complex molecules into simpler ones.

What happens during glycolysis?

Glucose is broken into pyruvate, producing small amounts of ATP and NADH.

What is the difference between hydrolysis and condensation?

Hydrolysis uses water to break bonds (catabolic); condensation forms bonds and releases water (anabolic).

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll captures light energy used in the Calvin cycle to synthesize glucose.

What is condensation in the context of anabolic reactions?

A reaction where water is released as smaller molecules bond together.

Name four processes where the balance between anabolic and catabolic reactions is important.

Growth; Repair; Energy production; Maintaining homeostasis.