Pancreatitis and Gallbladder Disease

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to pancreatitis and gallbladder disease, including etiology, treatment, and nursing care.

What is pancreatitis?

Autodigestion of the pancreas.

What are common causes of pancreatitis?

ETOH use, gallbladder disease, drug toxicity, hypertriglyceridemia, penetrating ulcers, and abdominal trauma.

What are Cullen's sign and Grey Turner's sign indicative of?

Retroperitoneal bleeding associated with pancreatitis.

What is the significance of jaundice in pancreatitis?

It indicates high bilirubin levels, which may be related to bile duct obstruction.

What are some potential complications of pancreatitis?

Pseudocyst, abscess, and systemic complications.

What is the primary supportive care for pancreatitis?

Rehydration and correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance.

Which pain management approach is preferred in pancreatitis?

IV opioids and antispasmodic agents, avoiding morphine as it can cause sphincter spasms.

What dietary management strategy is used in pancreatitis?

NPO status and enteral nutrition when able.

What are the surgical options for treating pancreatitis?

ERCP, cholecystectomy, and drainage of necrotic fluid collections.

What should never be included in the diet of pancreatitis patients?

Alcohol.

What is the most common disorder of the biliary system?

Cholelithiasis.

What is cholecystitis?

Inflammation of the gallbladder, usually associated with cholelithiasis.

What can gallstones cause as they pass through ducts?

Pain and potential obstruction.

What is the preferred surgical intervention for cholecystitis?

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

What is the purpose of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL)?

To break down gallstones.

What does nutritional therapy for pancreatitis emphasize?

High-carbohydrate, low-fat diet and supplementation of fat-soluble vitamins.

What is a significant sign of infection to monitor in pancreatitis patients?

Temperature changes or fever.

What are possible systemic complications of pancreatitis?

Hemorrhage, infection, and respiratory insufficiency.

How can health promotion be facilitated in pancreatitis?

Assessment for predisposing factors and early treatment of biliary tract disease.

What condition is indicated by Trousseau's Sign?

Tetany, associated with low calcium levels.

What are common postoperative care recommendations for nursing interventions in pancreatitis?

Wound care, observation for signs of infection, and monitoring of serum glucose.

When is it critical to perform ERCP?

In cases of suspected stone obstruction.

What monitoring is essential if IV lipids are given in pancreatitis care?

Monitoring triglyceride levels.

What role do dietary adjustments play in gallbladder disease management?

They help reduce gallbladder stimulation and prevent exacerbation.

What are the symptoms of gallbladder stones?

Biliary colic, nausea, and vomiting.

What could indicate a need for cholecystectomy?

Failure of conservative therapy and uncertain diagnosis.

How does rehydration contribute to pancreatitis treatment?

It helps correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances caused by vomiting.

What complication can arise from untreated gallbladder disease?

Acute cholecystitis.

What lifestyle change is recommended for gallbladder disease patients?

Elimination of fatty foods from the diet.

What should patients be taught about the signs of gallbladder disease?

To report symptoms such as severe abdominal pain and jaundice.

Why is patient follow-up important in gallbladder disease management?

To monitor recovery and prevent complications.

What type of vitamins may need supplementation in pancreatitis patients?

Fat-soluble vitamins.