Principles of Medical Laboratory Science

Flashcards covering key concepts and terminology related to the principles of medical laboratory science.

Phlebotomy

The practice of drawing blood for transfusion, aspheresis, or diagnostic testing.

Phlebotomist

A professional responsible for the collection of blood with minimal discomfort.

Venipuncture

The process of collecting blood from a vein whose job can also be via capillary col

Centralized Phlebotomy

A method used in 85% of hospitals where phlebotomists collect blood samples from nursing units or outpatient areas.

Decentralized Phlebotomy

A method used in 15% of hospitals that allows multiple people to collect blood samples during busy times.

Hybrid Phlebotomy

A combination of centralized and decentralized phlebotomy to reduce errors.

Electrocardiography (EKG/ECG)

A monitoring technique used for patients with cardiovascular disease.

Electroencephalography (EEG)

A diagnostic tool for neurophysiological disorders such as cancer and seizures.

Hematology

The study of blood in normal and diseased states. Ex.: CBC

Coagulation

The study of blood clotting mechanisms. Ex: PT and APTT

Urinalysis

The examination of urine to aid in diagnosis or monitoring of diseases.

Microbiology

The study of microorganisms and their effect on humans.

Immunology

studies antigens and antibodies to determine immunity to disease or presence of disease

Immunohematology

The study of blood compatibility for transfusions.

CytoGenetics

The study of genetic diseases and deficiencies.

Molecular Diagnostic

Techniques like PCR used to detect diseases at a molecular level.

Point of Care Testing (POCT)

Testing done at or near the site of patient care.

Pathologist

A physician who interprets laboratory test results and diagnoses diseases.

Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS)

A professional with a baccalaureate degree who performs laboratory tests.

Medical Laboratory Technician (MLT)

A technician with special training who performs general laboratory tests.

Phlebotomy Technician (PBT)

A specialist trained to collect blood samples for laboratory tests.

Cytotechnologist (CT)

A professional who examines cells to detect cancer in its early stages.

Histotechnologist (HTL)

A specialist who prepares tissue samples for microscopic examination.

Pharmacy department

Provides potent drugs which are needed to be monitored on specific times.

Speech therapy

Work for those with functional aphasia

Nursing

Provides direct patient care

Physical therapy

Work with patients who are not working at full capacity

Occupational therapy

Radiology

For the cardiac catheterization, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound.

Administration

Hospital compliance

environmental services

Maintain a clean facility

Food services (dietary)

Provides diets of patie

Laboratory

Provides testing og patient samples

Occu

Administrative office

Responds to calls, handle specimen request and other some specimens

Phlebotomy and sample collection

Collects sample for testing

Complete Blood Cell Count (CBC)

White blood cell (leukocyte) snd differential white count; red blood cell