Unit 9 Content Quiz

east vs west berlin

• east was communist under soviet control

• west was democratic under allied control

truman doctrine vs marshall plan

• td → aimed to contain communism by providing military/economic aid to greece and turkey ($400M)

• mp → provided $13B to rebuild western european economies after wwii

nato vs warsaw pact

• nato → western alliance for collective security against communism

• wp → soviet-led opposing alliance against nato with seven eastern european nations

bay of pigs vs cuban missilie crisis

• bop → failed military operation by cia and eisenhower (signed off by jfk) to overthrow fidel castro’s govt in cuba

• cmc → 13-day standoff over soviet missiles in cuba

what was the outcome of the bay of pigs?

• fidel castro/cuba → gained a propaganda victory and secured a stronger alliance with soviet union

• us → suffered international embarrassment and led to more aggressive operations against cuba

what was the outcome of the cuban missile crisis?

• us → removal of soviet missiles from cuba; soviet union states no further weapons will be placed in cuba

• soviet → us missiles removed from turkey; us agrees to never invade cuba

containment

trying to stop communism from spreading

the iron curtain

border of where the soviet union ends

• satellite countries → countries that russia has gained into the soviet union

vietnamization

nixon’s policy to transfer combat roles to south vietnam while withdrawing us troops

the domino theory

belief that if one country fell to communism, neighboring nations would follow

joseph mccarthy (what did he do?)

led anti-communist witch hunts, accusing officials/celebrities without evidence (mccarthyism)

who was the american general during the korean war?

douglas macarthur

who was the president during the korean war?

started with truman, ended with eisenhower

who was the president when the bay of pigs was devised and who was president when it was executed?

• devised by eisenhower

• executed by kennedy

who was the winner and loser of the chinese revolution of 1949?

• winner → chinese communist party (mao zedong)

• loser → chiang kai-shek

who was the first american in space?

alan shepard

who was the first american to orbit the earth?

john glenn

who were the first astronauts on the moon?

neil armstrong and buzz aldrin

the tet offensive

series of coordinated attacks launched by north vietnamese and viet cong forces across south vietnam

the gulf of tonkin resolution

authorized lyndon b johnson to take all necessary measures to repel any attack against us forces in southeast asia

the kent state shooting

four students killed and nine wounded when ohio national guards opened fire during a student protest of the escalation of the war in vietnam

14th vs 15th amendment

• 14th → granted citizenship and equal protection under the law

• 15th → prohibited voting discrimination

executive order 8802 vs executive order 9981

• 8802 → banned defense industry discrimination

• 9981 → desegregated the military

civil rights act of ‘57 vs civil rights act of ‘64

• ‘57 → protected african american voting rights

• ‘64 → prevented discrimination and segregation in public life and employment

plessy v ferguson vs brown v board of education

• pvf → upheld segregation under “seperate but equal” doctrine

• bvb → overturned plessy v ferguson and declared racial segregation of public schools unconstitutional

emmett till

• 14 year old african american boy murdered by 2 white men for whistling at a white woman

• his death lead to the civil rights movement

rosa parks

sparked montgomery bus boycott by refusing to give up her bus seat to a white passenger

who was the first african american female to refuse to give up her seat? (not rosa parks)

claudette colvin (not well-known because she was a pregnant teen)

martin luther king jr

• led montgomery bus boycott through non-violent protest

• i have a dream

john lewis

• led student nonviolent coordinating committee

• led selma march

who was the psychologist that came up with the doll experiment?

kenneth clark

who was the naacp lawyer who eventually became the first african american supreme court justice?

thurgood marshall

montgonery bus boycott

african americans in alabama refusing to take buses

freedom rides

black and white people refusing to sit in their designated areas of buses to protest segregation

birmingham protests

series of nonviolent protests led by mlk to desegregate public facilities (sit-ins, marches, boycotts)

children’s crusade

children took the day off school to go on non-violent protest (more than 600 arrested)

march on washington

over 200,000 black and white americans gathered at lincoln memorial to protest racial discrimination

the little rock nine

nine african american students who were the first to integrate central high school after brown v board

selma march

paved way for voting rights act for african americans

bloody sunday

in selma, police violently assaulted peaceful marchers

the greensboro four

four african american college students staged a sit-in at a segregated woolworth’s lunch counter and refused to leave after being denied service