Primates and Hominins

Strepsirrhines

Small brain, postorbital bar, tooth comb, large olfactory bulbs

Tarsiers

Large eyes, partial postorbital closure

Platyrrhines

Flat nose, outward-facing nostrils, smaller brain, 2:1:3:3 dental formula

Cercopithecoids

Bilophodont molars, narrow nose

Hominoids

Large brain, Y-5 molars, wide nasal aperture

Catarrhines

Downward facing nostrils, larger brain, full post-orbital closure, 2:1:2:3 dental formula

Haplorhines

Larger brain, full postorbital closure

Anthropoids

Large brain, postorbital plate

Earliest Hominins

Small brain, reduced canines, foramen magnum positioned for bipedalism

Australopithecus

Small brain, prognathic face, large molars

Paranthropus

Large saggital crest, massie molars, wide zygomatic arches

Homo Habilis

Large brain, reduced prognathism, smaller teeth

Homo Erectus

Larger brain, pronounced brow ridges, smaller teeth

Homo Floresiensis

Small brain, reduced chin, large teeth

Homo Heidelbergensis

Large brain, thick brow ridges, wide nasal apeture

Homo Naledi

Small brain, curved fingers, reduced dentition

Homo Neanderthalensis

Large brain, midfacial prognathism, large nose

Homo Sapiens

Large brain, rounded skull, small teeth, prominent chin