Sponges- Marine Biology

scientific name for sponge:

Phylum Porifera

how do sponges eat?

filter feeders

what do sponges eat?

zooplankton and phytoplankton

What does sessile mean?

they do not move

do sponges have tissues?

no

how are sponges described?

as an aggregation of specialized cells

Types of cells within the sponge (5):

Choanocyte, Ameobocyte, Spicules, Porocytes, Epidermal

Another word for Choanocyte:

collar cells

what does the choanocyte, or collar cells do?

trap food and move water

Another word for Ameobocyte:

wandering cell

what do the ameobocyte, or wandering cells do?

store food, and move around the sponge

what do the amebocytes turn into?

spicules

what do spicules do?

support the sponge, allowing it to grow

what do the porocytes do?

control the pores, opens and closes them

whats another word for the pores?

ostia

what do the epidermal cells do?

line the outside of the sponge and protect it

where is water pumped out of the cell through?

osullum

how do sponges asexually reproduce?

Budding

how to sponges sexually reproduce?

Broadcast spawning, release sperm into the water

what are phylum cnidarians?

first animal with tissues and a mouth, and to move

what type of symmetry do cnidarians have?

radial symmetry

how do cnidarians respond to stimuli?

by stinging

how would you describe the mouth of a cnidarian?

in the middle, surrounded by tentacles

what does the stomach do?

digest food

how many openings does the cnidarian have?

one

what are the two body forms of a cnidarian

polyp and medusa

whats the formation of a polyp?

mouth and tentacles face upward

whats the formation of medusa?

mouth and tentacles face down

what are the three major cell layers? (4)

epidermis, gastrodermis, mesoglea, nerve net

what is the epidermis?

the outer layer

what does the epidermis contain?

nematocysts

what are nematocysts?

stinging cells on tentacles

what is the gastrodermis?

lines the gut and secretes digestive juices

what is the mesoglea?

the jelly like layer

does the mesoglea have cells?

no

what is the nerve net?

eye spots that detect light

types of cnidarians (5):

anthozoans, hydrozoans, scyphozoans, cubozoans, comb jellies

what body form do anthozoans have?

polyp

examples of anthozoans

coral, sea anemone, sea pen, sea fan

what body form do hydrozoans have?

polyp, turn into medusa for reproducing

examples of hydrozoans

hydra, portugese man o' war

what type of body form do scyphozoans have?

medusa

whats an example of a scyphozoan?

jellyfish

whats an example of cubozoans?

box jellies, sea wasp

what do comb jellies have that move them?

8 ciliary combs

what are comb jellies lit up by?

bacteria