Impulse and Momentum

Impulse

Accumulated effect of force application over time
I=FxT
Area under the force-time curve
Vector quantity
Units Nxs

Momentum

Amount of motion that is a product of mass and velocity
Vector quantity
Unit:kg x m / s

force magnitude and duration of force application

Impulse-momentum relationship accounts for

change in momentum

Impulse causes…

static equilibrium

the sum of all forces and torques in a system = 0. it is at rest or moving at a constant velocity.

Conservation of momentum

An object will either stay at rest or continue at current velocity if moving.

adjusting force and/or time components to perform better

How do you maximize impulse?

methods to increase impulse

Increase force magnitude, force duration, or repeated force application

Integration

process of taking tiny, simple sections of the total curve

Angular momentum

amount of angular motion

center of percussion

the “sweet spot” when striking an object, rotation only occurs about an axis of rotation and not any other point.

coefficient of restitution

ratio of velocities before/after impact
determined by mechanical properties of each material involved