Physics of ANT

Concentrated gradient

One side of a barrier is heavier with something then the other side, your body wants to equal it out

Co2

Metabolic waste

What does the respiratory system give oxygen to

Muscles and nerves

Venus blood

Blood already used by the body, highly concentrated with Co2

How does Co2 and o2 exchange gas when exhaling?

O2 going in the blood stream and Co2 leaves

Where do blood claplary run/go?

Around the alveolar air sac

Is Venus blood have more Co2 or O2 in it?

Co2

Where does the membrane go in an alveolar air sac?

Between the Pink Sac and Blood stream

Every time we exhale we are exhaling what?

The Co2 in the blood stream leaving the blood stream

Total Lung capacity (TLC)

Volume in the pulmonary system after a maxium inspiration

Vital Capacity (VC)

Maximum Volume expired (pushed out) after maximum inspiration

TLC is the totally lung capacity of what specially?

Bronchi, Trachea, Lobes, Alveolar air sac and lungs

Tidal Volume (TV)

Volume exchanged during any breath cycle (shown on the “Resting level” area of chart)

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

Maximum volume inspired from the end of the tidal inspiration

Tidal inspiration

The top of the “Resting level” inhale section

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Maximum volume expired form the end of a tidal expiration

“What did you have in reserver that you could still exhale”

Residual Volume (RV)

Volume remaining after a maximum exhalation

Vital Capacity

Depends on the amount of lung tissue you have

Increases slowly until late 20’s then Decrease

When speaking what do we delay air wise?

We delay our Exhalation compared to “Resting Level” breathing Exhalation

Do babies have higher or lower breathing rate?

Higher and irregular

-Because lung tissue is still developing and lung capacity is smaller

Residual Volume

Increases with Age , Because of loss of tissue and loss Muscle Force

What is the equation for Vital Capacity??

IRV + TV + ERV

Quiet Respiration

It involves Flattening of the Diaphragm and External Intercostals only (External Muscles only)

Quiet Inspiration

Initiated at our Functional Residual Capacity( FRC)

Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)

The volume in the lungs at the end of a passive expiration ( about 40% of vital capacity)

Quiet Expiration

Passive Process

^ Recoil, gravity, elasticity of lungs , Relaxation

Resting Tidal Volume is also called what?

Quiet Breathing

Forced Respiration

We use this when energy requirement of muscles increase or Aerodynamic Forces ( Signing, Loud Speaking, exercise)

What muscles are being used for Forced Respiration?

Additional muscles of inspiration are activated to assist the Diaphragm and External Intercoastals

What Muscles are apart of the Back Muscles?

-Levatores Costarum

-Serratus Posterior Superior

What Muscles are apart of the Neck muscles?

-Scalenus group

-Sternocleidomastoid

What Muscles are apart of Front Muscles?

-Pectoralis Major

-Pectorlais Minor

-Serratus anterior

What muscles are apart of the Rib cage muscles?

-Internal intercostals

-Tranversus Thoracis

-Subcostals

-Serratus Posterior Inferior

-Quadratus Lumborum

What muscles are part of the Abdominal Muscles?

-Rectus Abdominis

-External Oblique

-Internal Oblique

-Transverse Abdominis

Speech Breathing

Is used to Create and maintain enough air pressure to drive the vocal folds (Voice/vowels) and force air past obstructions and through constrictions(constants )

What makes up the difference in order to maintain sufficient Air pressure throughout the breath group?

Rib cage and Abdominal Muscles

When is Relaxation Pressure positive?

Throughout the early part of a breath group

When does Relaxation pressure Diminish?

As the utterance continues

When you take in a Breath what is happening pressure wise?

You have Positive Pressure and are high on the Vital capacity %

How many CM of H2O pressure does your body require?

8 cm

Shallow Breath

Will Fail to meet Requirements and will need early use of Forced Expiration to support speech

Deep Breath

Will exceed Requirements and Will Need to use Inspiratory Muscles to “check “ or offset excess pressure

When you Take a Deep Breath, what muscles does it force you to use?

Inhalation Muscles are being used when you should be using Exhalation Muscles

What are some Good Techniques you can do to have a good breath?

-Inhale form 40%-60% VC

-Intiate utterance around 60%

-Terminate around 40%

When should an utterance be intimated? What Percent?

60%

Is talking using Inspiration or Expiration?

Expiration / Expiratory

When you start talking what percent are you typically starting at?

60% VC

Explain this statement, “Speech Requirements and Respiratory Forces work Efficiently Together”

You are at the using the correct air pressure and muscles to complete a conversation

What are the steps for when you are speaking, the rib cage, lung pressure, etc?

rib cage elevated, slowly let it decrease, air pressure is maintained, lung volume is highest at begging of utterance and lowers well speaking

When you want to increase loudness what increases to do that?

Trachea Pressure

Louder puffs = Louder what?

Sound