ALWG: Sierra Leone Background

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English

10th

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23 Terms

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Full name?
Republic of Sierra Leone
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Population?
5\.7 million (2009)
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Common languages?
English, Krio, and various African languages
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Major Religions?
Islam and Christianity
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What does Sierra Leone mean?
Lion Mountains
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What happened in 1500-1700s?
Traders stopped in Sierra Leone to exchange cloth and metal goods for ivory, timber, and slaves. \*Abolitionists later help slaves return to Africa in what is now the “Province of Freedom” or Freetown in Sierra Leone. They came to be called Krio.
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What happened in 1951
begin the process of decolonization (or when a colony becomes self-governing)
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What happens April 27, 1961?
Sierra Leone becomes independent
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What happened in March 1991?
The Revolutionary United Front (RUF) began attacking villages in eastern Sierra Leone. \*Goal: To rid the country of the APC government \* Rebel leader: Foday Sankoh
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What happened April 1992?
The National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC) was established, but it proved to be as ineffective as the APC at repelling the RUF.
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What happened 1995?
The RUF held much of the countryside in their control.
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What happened between 1996-2000?
Sierra Leone tries various campaigns to stop the RUF
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What happened 2001?
A second peace agreement was signed that allowed disarmament to begin
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What happened 2002?
President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah (elected in 1996) declared the civil war officially over.
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How many were killed and displaced?
50,000 and 500,000
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What happened 2003?
Rebel leader Foday Sankoh died.
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What change happened to Beah in 1998
he moved to the U.S. and finished high school
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Who funded the mission of Foday Sankoh and the RUF?
People who purchased diamonds in the west
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Where were the diamonds mined?
War zones of Africa to fund invading army’s efforts
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Liberia would trade with Sierra Leone in exchange for what?
Diamonds
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What was created in 2002?
Kimberley Process Certification Scheme
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What was a banned export in the U.S. from Liberia + Sierra Leone?
Importation of diamonds
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What was formed in 2003?
Clean Diamond trade act