Pharmacology: 12 Cancer Pharmacology

cancer

rapidly growing cells; uncontrolled

invasion

cancer that invade nearby cells

metastasis

cancer that travels distant organs

target actively dividing cells (hair, skin, GI tract, bone marrow — most devastating)

objective of cancer tx

alkylate DNA bases

MOA of alkylating agents

nitrogen mustard

• cyclophosphamide

alkyl sulfonates

• busulfan

drugs under alkylating agents

nitrogen mustards

cyclophosphamide drug class

hemorrhagic cystitis

nitrogen mustard (cyclophosphamide) WOF

MESNA (mercaptoethane sulfonate Na)

nitrogen mustard (cyclophosphamide) rescue drug

alkyl sulfonates

busulfan drug class

pulmonary fibrosis

alkyl sulfonates (busulfan) WOF

platinum compounds

MOA: intrastrand or interstrand cross-links = no separation/annealing

platinum compounds

cisplatin, carboplatin drug class

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

platinum compounds WOF

purine analogues

pyrimidine analogues

folate antagonist

antimetabolite drugs

purine analogues

thioguanine, 6-mercaptopurine drug class

myelosuppression

purine analogues (thioguanine, 6-mercaptopurine) WOF

pyrimidine analogue

5-fluorouracil (5-FU) drug class

MOA: (-) thymidylate synthase —> inh DNA synthesis

MOA of pyrimidine analogue (5-FU)

myelosuppression

pyrimidine analogue (5-FU) WOF

folate antagonist

methotrexate drug class

(-) DHF reductase —> inh THF (active form of folic acid)

methotrexate MOA

trimethoprim

methotrexate has the same MOA as ______

myelosuppression

methotrexate WOF

folinic acid/leucovorin

methotrexate rescue drug

antibiotics

anthracyclines drug class

anthracyclines

doxorubicin and daunorubicin class

cardiotoxicity

anthracyclines (doxorubicin and daunorubicin) WOF

dexrazoxane

anthracyclines (doxorubicin and daunorubicin) rescue drug

pulmonary fibrosis

anthracyclines (bleomycin) WOF

vinca alkaloids

taxanes

comptothecins

podophyllotoxin

plant-derived products (4)

vinca alkaloids

drug class of vincristine

binds to tubulin (mitosis)

vinca alkaloids MOA

vincristine

vinca alkaloids causing neuropathy/neurotoxicity

taxanes

pacletaxel, docetaxel drug class

bind to tubilin

taxanes MOA

camptothecin

topothecan, irinotecan drug class

(-) topoisomerase

camptothecin MOA

podophyllotoxin

etoposide, teniposide drug class

(-) topoisomerase

podophyllotoxin MOA