CHN Lecture Part 1

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PHN meaning, vaccines, OLOF model, devolution and decentralization of healthcare, restructuring of healthcare

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84 Terms

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Public Health Care

General umbrella term

Covers the ff:

  • Community Health 

    • Community Health Nursing

    • School Health Nursing 

    • Occupational Health Nursing

  • Epidemiology

  • Environmental Health - sanitation

  • Maternal and Child Health

  • Psychiatric Health 

  • Community Services and Programs - DOH Programs

  • Emergency and Disaster

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Epidemiology

study of the occurrences and patterns of diseases

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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

Public Health Nursing definition

  • Combination of nursing skills, sociology, public health 

    • Sociology - study of the society

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AMERICAN NURSES ASSOCIATION

Public Health Nursing definition

  • There is a synthesis of public health practices and nursing practices towards the promotion and preservation of health

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MARGARET JACOBSON

Public Health Nursing definition

  • Achievement of optimum level of functioning by teaching and delivery of care

  • OLOF Model

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Political Factors

Political Factors

Socio-Economic Factors

Environment Factors

Heredity

Healthcare Delivery Services

Factors of OLOF Model by Margaret Jacobson

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Political Factors

OLOF Factors

Safety

Oppression

People empowerment

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optimum level of functioning

OLOF meaning

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Behavior Factors

OLOF Factors

Lifestyle

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Socio-Economic Factors

OLOF Factors

Education, employment, housing

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Environment Factors

OLOF Factors

Ecological system, co-existing with the organisms

Humans are the highest forms of organisms in this planet

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Heredity

OLOF Factors

Genetics (familial diseases affects morbidity and mortality rate)

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Promotive

Preventive

Curative

Rehabilitative

4 healthcare delivery services (OLOF model)

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bats

OLOF MODEL: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH FACTORS

carriers of the most fatal diseases d/t high virulence rate (ebola, rabies, corona)

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SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (SARS)

MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (MERS)

CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19)

Corona diseases

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SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (SARS)

Causative agent: SARS-COV

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droplets

MOT of corona diseases

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civets

carrier of SARS

bats to _____

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2002, Guangdong China

SARS incidence (year and place)

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none

SARS and MERS vaccine and treatment

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MERS-COV

causative agent of MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (MERS)

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camel

MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (MERS) carrier

bats to_____

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2012, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

MERS incidence (year and place)

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SARS-COV 2

causative agent of CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19)

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5-6

According to CDC, the SARS-COV 2 can circulate in the air for how many hours

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nCOV

1st name of COVID-19

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airborne precautions

Precaution for COVID-19

  • Medical-grade masks

  • Hospitals: N95

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false

T or F: COVID-19 is airborne

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true

T or F: new/unknown disease → stricter control/protocols

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R-naught

Computation of reproductivity of a disease (gaano nakakahawa, nanganganak)

Determines how effective the management of the government

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virus nuclei is lighter than the particle of air

when will a disease be airborne

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1-3

R₀ of COVID-19 now

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12

R₀ of COVID-19 before

d/t out of control, no vaccine or treatment yet, unknown disease

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19

R₀ of measles

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Nov. 2019, Wuhan, Hubei, China

Incidence of COVID-19 (year, place)

Patient 0

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Dec. 2019

when did they report about nCOV?

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Jan 2020

WHO issued a global alert because of COVID-19

Urged the govt to create protocols

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Jan. 30, 2020

1st recorded case in the PH = Patient 1

Wuhan resident

Cebu → Ilo-ilo → Dumaguete → Manila

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SPUTNIK V

COVID-19 vaccine

  • First COVID-19 vaccine undergoes trial

  • Made in Russia

  • 1st to undergo clinical trial

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-18°C

temperature requirement of SPUTNIK V

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SINOVAC

COVID-19 vaccine

  • Made in China

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BHARAT BIOTECH

SINOPHARMA

ASTRAZENECA

SINOVAC

COVID-19 vaccines temperature requirement of +2 to +8°C

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mRNA vaccines

  • new technology/scientific breakthrough in vaccines

  • FDA-approved

  • All vaccines need a cold temperature because it contains Antigen→ Antibodies→ Immunity

  • Because of COVID-19, scientists proved that this is good to become a vaccine (sample population is worldwide)

  • spliced microbe

  • Pfizer and moderna

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COMIRNATY

name of Pfizer

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-60 to -80°C

Pfizer temperature requirement

ultracold storage system

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SPIKEVAX

name of Moderna

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-15 to -25°C

Pfizer temperature requirement

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antigens

vaccines are made up of what

from microbes

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antibodies

from humans

activate immune response

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herd immunity

goal of vaccines

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Spanish Flu (Influenza A)

1918

H1N1 —> flu vaccine

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HIV

Retrovirus, viral RNA

Antigen is inside the surface protein which is a very thick layer that covers the virus

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REMDESIVIR

COVID-19 Tx

  • Antiviral

  • P15-30k/vial

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TOCILIZUMAB

COVID-19 Tx

  • mAb (monoclonal antibodies: genetically engineered drug, from patients who recovered)

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Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)

Lab-produced proteins that mimic the body's natural antibodies, acting as targeted therapies. They are designed to bind to specific antigens, like those found on cancer cells or viruses, and can be used to diagnose, treat, and research diseases.

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MOLNUPIRAVIR/LAGEVREO

COVID-19 Tx

  • Updated DOC for COVID-19

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PAXLOVID

COVID-19 Tx

  • MOST updated DOC for COVID-19

  • From Pfizer

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promotive and preventive services

OLOF MODEL: HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SYSTEM

CHN focus

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health promotion

primary focus of CHN

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Health Teaching

health promotion could be achieved through

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EDUCATOR

Primary ROLE of nurse in CHN

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GENERALIST

Primary FUNCTION of nurse in CHN

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Role model

ROLE OF NURSES IN THE COMMUNITY (RT PCR MO NURSE)

R stands for

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Role model, trainer, planner, coordinator of services, reporting and recording, manager, organizer, nurse care provider

ROLE OF NURSES IN THE COMMUNITY (RT PCR MO NURSE)

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Field Health Service Information system (FHSIS)

official recording and reporting of the DOH

under reporting and recording role of nurses in the community

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BHS

Where does the first recording take place?

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figures/numbers/data

You only pass these to the DOH

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daily

Frequency of recording

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BHS (midwife) → RHU (PHN) → Provincial Health Office (Provincial FHSIS coordinator) Regional Health Office Regional FHSIS coordinator → DOH

sequence of recording and reporting

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Annual FHSIS Report of the Philippines

output of the reporting and recording of data

reported by DOH

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by region

how does DOH present data in annual FHSIS

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COPAR (Community Organizing Participatory Action Research)

Aims to develop self-reliance of the community members

People themselves are the researchers

Nurses will guide (role of nurse is to organize)

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RA 7160: Local Government Code of the Philippines

DEVOLUTION AND DECENTRALIZATION OF HEALTHCARE

Law: Creation of LGUs

Signed by Corazon Aquino

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LGUs

focus of the delivery of health services

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RA 7610

Anti-Child Abuse Law

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Ferdinand Marcos Sr.

RESTRUCTURING OF THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

signed by who

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Primary

Secondary

Tertiary

levels of care

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Hanlon

Public Health Nursing is defined as:

  • Attainment of total development

  • All aspect of humanity

  • Holistic

Who defined this

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Purdom

Public health nursing is the survival of human species according to

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Freeman

Public health nursing is the service rendered by the professional nurses to the four levels of clientele in different health settings as mentioned by who?

  • four levels of clientele: individual, family, aggregate, community

  • different health settings: home & clinic (PHN: RA 7305), work (OHN: RA 1054, updated; RA 11058: OSHSA), and school

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BAILON REYES

Public Health Nursing defined by?

nursing services rendered or provided outside a purely curative institution

  • Curative = hospital

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MAGLAYA

  • Public Health Nursing defined by?

  • utilization of the nursing process to benefit the individual, the family, and the community

  • Contributed to the Family Health Nursing Practice

  • Focus: nursing process

    • APIE (not ADPIE); dx is part of the assessment

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INITIAL DATA BASE

tool for that is used for the assessment of family health nursing

created by Maglaya

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PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

end result of assessment based on Maglaya