Dimensional Analysis to Fuels and Combustion

Dimensional Analysis

This is also known as the factor method

Exa- (E)

10¹⁸

Peta- (P)

10¹⁵

Tera- (T)

10¹²

giga- (G)

10⁹

mega- (M)

10⁶

kilo- (k)

10³

hecto- (h)

10²

deca- (da)

10¹

deci- (d)

10⁻¹

centi- ( c)

10⁻²

milli- (m)

10⁻³

micro- (μ)

10⁻⁶

nano- (n)

10⁻⁹

pico- (p)

10⁻¹²

femto- (f)

10⁻¹⁵

atto- (a)

10⁻¹⁸

Energy

Is the capacity to do work

Work

Is the transfer of energy that occurs when force moves an object over distance.

Potential Energy

• energy at rest

• associated with the relative position of an object

Kinetic Energy

• energy in motion

• associated with motion

Thermal energy

is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules.

Temperature

Is the quantitative measurement of hot and cold.

Heat

Is the transfer of thermal Energy between two bodies at different temperature.

Thermochemistry

Refer to the study of heat that accompanies chemical reactions.

Exothermic Process

• A change that releases heat

• Thermal energy flow is From system to the surroundings.

Endothermic Process

• A change that absorbs heat.

• Thermal energy flow is from surroundings to the system.

Units of Energy (memorize)

• 1 J = 1 N.m

• 1 cal =4.184 J

• 1 BTU =1055 J

Fuel

Is a combustible substance, containing carbon as a main constituent.

Ignition Temperature

the lowest temperature at which a combustible substance when heated takes fire in air and continues to burn.

Calorific Value

The total energy released as heat when a substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions.

Combustion

• chemical process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give off heat.

• burning

• Exothermic Process.

Complete Combustion

happens with sufficient oxygen, producing carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) with a clean, blue flame and high energy release.

Incomplete Combustion

occurs with insufficient oxygen, yielding carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon (soot), a yellow/sooty flame, and less energy. 

Hydrocarbon

Is an organic Compound composed entirely of hydrogen and carbon atoms.