Chemical Skills

What ending is used when a compound has 2 elements?

-ide (e.g., Sodium chloride)

What ending is used when a compound has 3 elements including oxygen?

-ate (e.g., Copper sulfate)

Name the compound formed from potassium and chlorine.

Potassium chloride

Name the compound with formula CaCO₃.

Calcium carbonate

What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

MgCl₂

What is the formula for aluminum oxide?

Al₂O₃

What is the formula for calcium nitrate?

Ca(NO₃)₂

Why must charges in an ionic compound balance?

To form a neutral compound

What is the charge on a sulfate ion?

SO₄²⁻

What is the charge on a hydroxide ion?

OH⁻

What is the formula of ammonium?

NH₄⁺

Metal + Acid → ?

Salt + Hydrogen

Acid + Base → ?

Salt + Water

Acid + Carbonate → ?

Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

Hydrocarbon + Oxygen → ?

Carbon dioxide + Water

Metal carbonate → ?

Metal oxide + Carbon dioxide

Write the word equation for magnesium and hydrochloric acid.

Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen

Write the word equation for copper carbonate decomposition.

Copper carbonate → Copper oxide + Carbon dioxide

Write the word equation for a neutralisation reaction between HCl and NaOH.

Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide → Sodium chloride + Water

Balance this equation: Mg + HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

Balance this equation: CaCO₃ + HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

Why do we balance symbol equations?

To obey the law of conservation of mass

What gas is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

Hydrogen

How do you test for hydrogen gas?

Lit splint makes a 'pop' sound

What does a faster rate of bubbling show in a metal + acid reaction?

A more reactive metal

Why do we use a gas syringe or inverted cylinder in metal + acid reactions?

To collect and measure the gas produced

What is the purpose of the metal + acid practical?

To compare the reactivity of different metals with acid

What safety precautions should be taken in the metal + acid investigation?

Wear goggles, use small quantities, and dispose of acids safely

Formula and charge for sulfate

SO4(-2)

Formula and charge for carbonate

CO3(-2)

Formula and charge for hydroxide

OH(-)

Formula and charge for ammonium

NH4(+)

Formula and charge for nitrate

NO3(-)

Formula and charge for phosphate

PO4(3-)