Marine Science Final Exam

what branch of oceanography covers the chemical composition of seawater and the chemical reactions that occur in seawater ?

physical oceanography

what percent of the surface of the earth is covered with water?

70 percent

how many oceans cover the surface of the earth?

5

what is another name for lines of latitude?

parallels

physical oceanographers study the _______ of oceans

waves and tides

the earth's oceans are known as the _____

asthenosphere

what ocean is the deepest on earth?

Atlantic

how many continents are on earth?

3

Which of the following is not a sea

a. Mediterranean

b. Black

c. Red

d. Arctic

Arctic

what ocean is the second largest and the most heavily travelled?

the Atlantic

what ship is a well-known drilling ship?

Alvin

what are smaller bodies of saltwater usually enclosed by land?

lakes

what ship embarked in 1872 on the first oceanographic journey by Wyville Thompson?

HMS Titanic

why is oceanography an important subject?

-the oceans provide food

-the oceans affect our weather

-the oceans provide another means of transportation

what type of marine scientist helps find seafood, predicts its availability, and helps ensure sustainability of ocean life?

aquaculturist

what are the most abundant forms of energy from the ocean?

-thermal energy

-wave energy

-tidal energy

What sea was the Bible referring to in Exodus 14:21

Red Sea

what ocean is the smallest of the world's oceans

Arctic

a huge rotating storm system originating in the Western Pacific Ocean is called...

typhoon

what explorer discovered Florida and the Florida Current?

Ponce de Leon

what explorer is considered the "Father of Oceanography?"

Edward Forbes

what is also known as the Southern Ocean?

Antarctic

what is 0 degrees latitude called?

equator

what landmass is not considered a continent

India

what is the highest mountain on Earth that rises 33,465 feet from the sea?

Mauna Kea

what trench is about 6.8 miles deep and is considered the deepest spot in the ocean?

Mariana Trench

the ocean located in the North Pole is called the ______ Ocean

Antarctic

the body of water that touches the east coast of Florida is called the _______ Ocean

Arctic

the body of water that touches the west coast of florida is called the ______

Caribbean Sea

what island is about 90 miles directly south of Key West, Florida?

Cuba

what is 0 degrees longitude called?

prime meridian

lines of latitude measure _______ , but run________ and lines of longitude measure _____, but run _______

north and south; east and west; east and west; north and south

__________ or NaCl is also called table salt comes from the oceans

sodium tetrachloride

what explorer named "America" after America Vespucci?

Martin Waldseemuller

what famous explorer proposed the theory of evolution and still formation

Charles Darwin

what type of energy is obtained from the ocean's direct absorption of sunlight?

thermal

what is the only sea completely enclosed by land?

Dead Sea

what sea is directly west of India and east of Saudi Arabia?

Arabian

what vessels are underwater research vehicles?

Alvin and Resolution

Hawaii is a group of islands found in what ocean?

Pacific

what direction does the air move at the Horse Latitudes?

the air sinks or depends

what force causes moving objects on the surface of the earth to be deflected to the right or the left?

coriolis force

why are moving objects deflected to the right or left on the surface of the earth?

the earth is spinning on its axis about 1000 mph at the equator

the trade winds are also called the ______

easterlies

the diagram above is known as the ______ ( diagram on page 1 of unit 2 test)

Ekman Spiral

the net movement of water is at what angle of the wind direction?

90 degrees

what does El Niño mean in English?

the boy child

what latitude are the doldrums?

zero degrees

what current runs up the eastern seaboard of the Unites States?

Gulf Stream

hot air ____ and cold air _____

rises, sinks

in what direction do hurricanes spin on their axis?

counterclockwise

which equation is used to calculate the depth of the ocean using SONAR?

D= 1/2 t X 1524

hot water _____ and cold water ______

rises, sinks

what type of waves does SONAR use?

sound

what instrument is used to sample sediment from the sea floor?

corer, dredge, grab sampler, and "sea clam"

in what ocean do typhoons form?

Pacific

which direction are moving objects deflected on the surface of the earth in the northern hemisphere?

right

areas on the earth where air rises, ______ are formed

low pressure zones

what time of the year does El Niño occur?

Christmas time

the prevailing winds are also called the ______

westerlies

which instrument is used to determine clarity in ocean water?

Secchi Disk

what does SCUBA stand for?

self contained underwater breathing apparatus

the instrument above is called a _______ ( page three unit 2 test)

plankton net

______ is the amount of dissolved solids in seawater

salinity

mass per unit volume is also known as _________

density

the depth of the ocean floor is studied with equipment such as ___________

seismic profilers, satellites, and sonar

if you find a drift bottle in the ocean, you ______

should return it in the manner requested

every cm^3 of seawater has a mass of 1.027 g. what is seawaters density?

1.027 g/cm^3

what are the major gas or gasses in ocean water?

oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide

what is the name of organisms that live in or on the ocean floor?

benthic

the instrument above is called a _______ (page 4 unit 2 test)

secchi disk

if the speed of sound in the air is 330 m/s and it takes the sound 6 seconds ti bounce off the stationary object and return to it's source then how far away is the object from the source?

990 m

if the Red Sea's salinity is 40% then what type of water is it?

saline water

40% = ? %

4

what ion or ions make up 85.69% of ocean water?

Na and Cl^-1

what ion is most abundant in ocean water?

Cl^-1

what direction do moving objects move in the Souther Hemisphere? (page 5 unite 2 test)

D

what body of water below contains the earth's greatest salinity at 44%?

Dead Sea

what is a large, circular current found in the northern hemisphere and souther hemisphere called?

Coriolis force

El Niño is characterized by:

the tropical Pacific's warmest water spreading eastward tp the coast of south America

if a wind is blowing due north in the northern hemisphere, then in what direction will the surface current move?

northeast

in the southern hemisphere, warm water tends to move in what direction?

north and south

what factor or factors affect the density of water?

salinity and temperature

what temperature is the densest water in the ocean?

4 degrees Celsius

45-50 page 6 unit 2 test (chart)