chp 1: information systems
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10 Terms
Five Component Model
A model that defines the components of an information system as hardware, software, data, processes, and people. The model states that information systems move work away from people and into technology. It also states that of the five components listed, hardware is the easiest to change and people are the hardest to change.
information system (IS)
A combination of hardware and software components, along with data, processes, and people, that function collaboratively to complete a task.
Leavitt’s Diamond
A model that states an organization’s information systems operate within the context of people, technology infrastructure, processes, and structure.
procedure
A set of steps that need to be followed to achieve a specific end result, such as entering a customer order, paying a supplier invoice, or requesting a current inventory report.
process
A structured set of related activities that takes input, adds value, and creates output for the customer of that process.
strategic planning
A process that helps leaders identify desired outcomes and formulate feasible plans to achieve their objectives by using available resources and capabilities.
structure
A definition of the relationships among the members of an organization, including their roles, responsibilities, and lines of authority necessary to complete various activities.
supply chain
A key value chain whose primary processes include inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and service.
technology infrastructure
All the hardware, software, databases, networks, facilities, and services used to develop, test, deliver, control, or support the information technology applications and services an organization requires to meet the needs of its stakeholders, such as customers, suppliers, key business partners, regulatory agencies, and employees.
value chain
A series (or chain) of activities that an organization performs to transform inputs into outputs in such a way that the value of the input is increased.
