study guide

Spermatophores, Seasonal production of sperm

testies

packets of sperm for internal fertilization

spermatophores

reasbsorbed outside of breeding season

seasonal production of sperm

what is the picture representing?

ovaries

Eggs are shed into body cavity and exit through the oviduct and out the cloaca

gymnovarian

what fish are gymnovarian?

lungfish, bowfin, sturgeon, chondrichythyes, primative fishes

eggs shed into body cavity and exit through opening of oviduct and out through the genital papilla

secondary gymnovarian

what fishes use secondary gymnovarian?

salmonoids

eggs are enclosed in a sheath and can move directly from the ovary to the oviduct, when eggs are ripen they move into the lumen where they are stored until spawning

cystovarian

what fishes use cystovarian?

everyone that is not primative or a salmonid

which reproductive mode produces juveniles with the best chance of surviving?

vivparity

oviparity

egg laying

what fish are oviparity

salmon, flounder, hagfish, carangid

eggs are fertilized inside of the mothers body before they are layed

Oviparity with internal fertilization

what fish use Oviparity with internal fertilization

deepsea catshark, skates

embryos develop inside eggs retained within the mother’s body, using yolk for nourishment rather than direct placental connection

ovoviparity

what fish use ovoviparity?

porbeagle shark, smooth dogshark, atlantic stingray, bigeye thresher, Eastern mosquitofish, sailfin molly, merry widow livebearer

embryo nutrition

matrotrophy

uteran muscuse

mucoid histotrophy

lidpid rich fluid

lilpd histotrophy

extra eggs produced for the embryo to eat

oophyagy

true live birth, placental connection from mother to offpsring

viviparity

what fish use vivparity

blue shark, hammer head, rockfish,

sequential Hermaphroditism: protogynous

female fish to male fish

What fish use sequential Hermaphroditism: protogynous?

Steephead parrotfish

sequential Hermaphroditism: protoandrous

males turn into females

what fish use sequential Hermaphroditism: protoandrous

clowfish anemonefish

simultaneous hermaphroditism

both ovaries and testies are present, can switch back and forth between spawning events

what fish uses simultaneous hermaphroditism

Belted sandfish, hamlet, mangrove rivulus(only self fertilizing hermaphrodite)

pathenogenesis

can use sperm from in the same family to trigger cell divison

what fish have evidence of pathenogenesis

mexican molly and amazon molly, blacktip, bonnet head, whitetip reef shark

requiste sexual characters

aids in reproduction(required), claspers, gonopodium, brood pouch in males

accessory sexual characters

orphological or physiological features, that differ between males and females to aid in reproduction, mate competition, or mating behavior, sexual dichromatism, sexal dimorphism, mouth brooding, maternal, paternal care, kype, sexual parasitism, olfactory sac

reproductive effort

energy invested in producing gonadds and secondary sexual character that ensures production of viable offspring

age at maturity

age at which 50% of individuals are sexually mature, varible among species

Survival of young is inversely related to fecundity

the larger the egg the higher chance to individual egg survives

semelparous

only spawns once

iteroparous

multiple spawning events over its life time

batch spawning

individual spawns multiple times in one spawning season

total spawner

all eggs are released in one go during spawning season