HWST 107 Unit 6 & 7 (copy)

When did the first haole bring diseases to Hawai’i?

1778

What year(s) did the Bubonic plague infect Hawai'i?

1804,1899

What year(s) did influenza infect Hawai'i?

1826,1848

What year(s) did Mumps infect Hawai'i?

1839

What year(s) did leprosy infect Hawai'i?

1840

What diseases infect Hawaiians in 1848?

Measles, whooping cough, & influenza

When did small pox infect Hawai'i?

1853

What year did diphtheria infect Hawai'i?

1890

When did the whooping cough infect Hawaiians?

1848,1888

What year(s) did cholera infect Hawai'i?

1895

What percent of Hawaiian population die between 1778-1893?

96%

What was the estimated amount of Hawaiians in 1778?

1,000,000

What was the estimated population of Hawai’i in 1893?

40,000

Write a short explanation on how covid-19 infected Hawai’i in 2020.

Hawai’i was introduced to covid 19 when over 28,000 tourist fled to Hawai’i to “escape” from covid 19. This ended up infecting residents in Hawai’i. Similarly, when the annual RIMPAC was held in Oahu, sailors were told to stay in the ships. But, history repeats itself when the sailors left their ships and introduced more covid 19 to Hawai'i.

Why were plantation owners upset in 1853?

America charged a duty on all Hawaiian sugar.

Why did plantation owners want annexation to America?

To make more money from their sugar, but America would not grant statehood to a nation of non-whites.

What term did Kau'ikeaouli want before considering cession.

He wanted Hawai’i to be a state, but America wouldn't grant statehood to a nation of non-whites.

When and what age did kau'ikeaouli die at?

1854, age 41

After kau'ikeaouli died, who took the throne?

Alexander Liholiho, becoming kamehameha IV.

What did Alexander Liholiho do immediately after taking the throne?

End all negotiations of annexation to America.

Who did Alexander Liholiho strengthen his ties to and why?

He strengthened his ties with Great Britain to counter-attack American power in Hawai’i.

What was kamehameha IV seen as?

The pinnacle of Hawaiian leadership

What happened in 1862?

Prince Albert becomes sick and dies

What did Liholiho and Queen Emma do for the population collapse?

They went door to door to raise money for a hospital

Who started Queen's hospital and why?

Liholiho and Queen Emma created Queen's hospital to provide free healthcare for all native Hawaiians.

What was the missionaries argument against free healthcare?

They said it will "make prostitution safe, and that Hawaiians deserved to die if they were immoral.”

When and how did Alexander Liholiho die?

1863, of a broken heart

Write a short response on how David Kalākaua became king.

In 1863, Alexander Liholiho died of a broken heart. Therefore, his brother, Lot Kapuaiwa became kamehameha V. Later in 1872, kamehameha V dies without an heir. 1873, legislators elect William Lunalilo as King before he dies one year later. Lastly, in 1874, an election is held Queen Emma vs. David Kalākaua. Although Queen Emma was loved by the people,a feminist, and anti-american. Kalākaua ends up winning the election and becomes king.

What were some feats about King David Kalākaua’s reign?

He restarted Hale Naua, brought back Hula, and brought Iolani Palace and the kingdom of Hawaii to the cutting edge of technology.

What were some firsts of the lolani Palace?

First government building in the world to be powered by electricity, have indoor plumbing, and with a telephone.

What civil war made Hawaiian sugar a lucrative item?

American civil war

How many Asians were imported to work on sugar plantations and when?

55,000; 1890

Who created the Reciprocity Treaty?

Charles Reed Bishop

Who did Charles Reed Bishop invite and where in the Reciprocity Treaty?

General Schofield to survey Pu'uloa (Pearl Harbor)

What was the agreement for the Reciprocity Treaty?

Exchange pu’uloa as a colaing station and eventual military base in exchange for duty free Hawaiian sugar

True or False: Were Hawaiians opposed to the cession of Pu'uloa to America?

True

True or False: Did people riot when they found out Queen Emma lost?

True

Who became Queen after David Kalākaua and what was so great about her?

Lili’uokalani, she was beloved by her people, intelligent, a composer, and a feminist

Write a short response on what was Queen Lili’uokalani’s first act and how did white businessmen respond?

She went on a tour to see what her people needed. The overwhelming answer was a new constitution. So, she began working on one. Only for white businessmen to claim she was a tyrant and was forcing a constitution on them.

Who made up the committee of 13?

White businessmen, some Hawaiian nationals, some Americans.

What did the committee of 13 want to do?

Overthrow of the kingdom and annexation to America.

When did the committee of safety meet at William Castle's house

Sunday, January 15,1893 while Hawaiians were in church

When did John L. Steven's order USS Boston to land troops in Hawaii

Sunday January 15, 1893

What did Marines from the USS Boston do instead of protect?

The troops marched upon Hawai’i without government approval violating international law and declaring an act of war

When was the Hawaiian Government get Abrogated??

January 17,1893

Who wanted to shoot the marines when the overthrow was happening?

Charles Wilson

Who played a role in the overthrow of the Hawaiian Government?

Committee of safety and American military

What type of government took place of the Hawaiian kingdom?

Provisional government

Who recognized the provisional government as the defacto government?

John L Stevens

Who was the first president of the provisional government

Stanford B. Dole

What did Grover Cleveland do as President?

Removed the annexation treaty and sent James Blount to investigate the overthrow.

What was the first act in the Blount Report??

Remove the American flag from the government building and restore Hawaiian flag

True or False: were annexationists willing to submit annexation to a vote?

False

True or False: the overthrow of the kingdom was legal

False

What did Cleveland order the provisional government to do and how did they respond?

Cleveland ordered the provisional government to return authority to the Queen. In response, the provisional government said to stay out of their affairs

What day did the provisional government declare themselves a republic?

July 4,1894

Why and how long was Queen Lolo’uokalani arrested for?

Treason and held under house arrest for 8months in her room at the palace.

When did Bill Clinton sign the apology bill?

November 1993

What was included in the apology Bill?

Recognizes the illegal overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom and apologizes to native Hawaiians

What is Hawaiian independence day called and what day was it?

Lā Kū’oko’a, November 28 1843

What is the Anglo Franco proclamation?

Treaty between the Hawaiian kingdom, Britain, and France recognizing Hawai’i as an independent nation state

True or False: The provisional government would exist without US troops

False

True or False: a nation is occupied when a hostile military invades and exerts control over the occupied nation

True

What does the Law of occupation require?

Requires the occupying country to administer the laws of the occupied country

Where was Lance Larsen born?

Hawai’i as a Hawaiian Kingdom subject

What did Lance Larsen do after realizing the last legal constitution was the Bayonet Constitution?

Drove without a license plate, registration, and safety stickers leading to him getting put to jail for 30 days and 7 days in solitary confinement

What were some war crimes committed by the judge who was judging Lance Larsen’s case?

Pillaging, Unfair trial, unlawful confinement

Where is the permanent court of arbitration?

Hague, Netherlands

What is the permanent court of arbitration used for?

Disputes between countries and or a country and a person, one of the parties present must be a recognized country

Why did the Hawaiian Kingdom win the Larsen v Hawaiian kingdom case?

Indispensable third party rule, the Hawaiian kingdom invited the US to join the arbitration and refused to admit their guilty of breaking the laws of occupation

Write a short response on how we should fix the strange form of occupation the US has on Hawai’i.

First we should educate the people of Hawai’i that they’re all Hawaiian Kingdom Subjects if they were born in Hawai’i. This undoes that brainwashing America has done. Next with the law on our side, we can have other countries fight on our behalf. But international law does not have any way to enforce it.

When did the United Nations office of the high commissioner of human rights create a memorandum to the Hawai’i state judiciary?

February 25, 2018

What did the memorandum to the Hawai’i state judiciary state?

Hawai’i is a sovereign nation-state in continuity; but is under a strange form of occupation by the US resulting in illegal military occupation and fraudulent annexation

True or False: all land transactions without Hawaiian kingdom notary are valid.

False

True or False: the purchasing of property must follow Hawaiian kingdom law

True

Who is Jennifer Ruggles??

A Hawai’i county council member and a legislature

Where did Jennifer Ruggles learn about the illegal occupation of Hawai’i

Lā Kū’oko’a

What does article vi of the US constitution state?

Treaties are the supreme law of the land and all judicial, senators, and legislatures are bound by oath to uphold and protect the constitution

What is the definition of a war criminal according to 18 US code section 2441?

Defined as a grave breach in any of the international conventions signed at Geneva 12 August 1949, or any protocol to which the US is a party

Summarize what does article 43 Hague Convention state?

When an occupying power takes control of a territory, it must do everything it can to maintain public order and safety, and it must continue to follow the existing local laws unless it is absolutely impossible to do so.

Summarize what Article 64 Geneava Convention states

The criminal (penal) laws of an occupied territory must stay in effect, unless the occupying power needs to change or suspend them because they threaten its security or interfere with applying the convention.

What did Jennifer Ruggles want assurances for?

That she is not incurring criminal liability for violations of international law as a legislature of Hawai’i county

Why does the response from Corporation Counsel, "she is not incurring criminal liability citing article vi of the US constitution saying the international law cannot violate the federal law” not make sense?

Article vi states that treaties are the supreme law of the land.

Why was Ruggles forced to take the role of the Whistle Blower??

Other legislatures didn't want her to participate and the ability to abstain from voting on legislation was not given

What is the definition of an “agent” according to Article 29 of the Geneva Convention?

Embracing everyone who is in service of a contracting party, no matter in what way or in what capacity

Why are Legislators, Judical, Police, Military, Queen’s Hospital, Senate majority leader, Speaker of the house, and the US present subject to incurring criminal liability?

Ruggles served notice to all agents meaning they cannot claim ignorance in the future

Who is breaking the Article 50 Geneva Convention?

Queen’s Hospital

Which article is the Confiscation of Property violating?

Article 46 of The Hague Convention

What is included in Article 47 of The Hague Convention?

Pillaging and Taxes

True or False: Is Article 50 of the Geneva convention, articles 46,47,43,147, and the destruction of public property all considered war crimes?

True

What does Article 147 of the Geneva convention apply to?

The unlawful seizure of land and property by the US government

What is TMT, Pohakuloa, Kaho’olawe, Makua, the rail, etc, all examples of?

Destruction of Public Property