Terms

Mastaba

a flat-topped ancient Egyptian tomb with an underground burial chamber

Hypostyle

of a building, being supported by several rows of columns

Corinthian

Ionic

Doric

Corbelling

a way of spanning an opening that uses stacked stones to slowly move inwards

Post and Lintel

a way of spanning an opening that uses two upright posts and a horizontal lintel

Citadel

a heavily fortified city

Clerestory Windows

windows between adjacent rooflines

Pylon

a monumental gate of an Egyptian temple

Relief Sculpture

a form of sculpture where the art is carved into stone and is not free-standing, high vs low relief

Caryatid

A doric order variation where the column shaft is replaced with a Kore statue

Agora

a columnated, open-air, public gathering place in Greek culture

Stoa

a roofed colonnade

Round Arch

a true arch supported by voussoir and a keystone

Barrel Vault

a round arch extended into space

Groin Vault

two barrel vaults meeting perpendicularly

Dome

a round arch rotated around a circle

Forum

a columnated, open-air, public gathering place in Roman culture

Basilica

a large public building with multiple functions that was typically built alongside the town's forum, nave and aisles

Parts of a Roman house

atrium, impluvium, peristyle

Peripteral vs Pseudoperipteral

being entirely surround by free standing columns vs being surrounded by engaged and/or freestanding columns