Chapter 12: Genomes and Biotechnology

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and concepts related to the lecture on genomes and biotechnology.

Biotechnology

The manipulation of living organisms or their components to develop products.

Genome

The complete set of genetic material within an organism.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

A technique used to amplify DNA, making billions of copies from a small initial sample.

DNA Sequencing

The process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule.

Restriction Enzymes

Proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences, used in genetic engineering.

Gel Electrophoresis

A method for separating DNA fragments based on their size.

CRISPR

A gene-editing technology that allows for precise modifications to the DNA of living organisms.

Transgenic Organism

An organism that has been genetically modified to contain a gene from another species.

Gene Therapy

The experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease.

Recombinant DNA Technology

Techniques for combining DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations.