history final

Missouri Compromise-When

1820

Missouri Compromise-What

Allowed Missouri to enter as a slave state, but also admitted Maine as a free state, and abolished slavery in territories acquired from the Louisiana Purchase

Missouri Compromise-Who

Congress

Missouri Compromise-Why

To preserve the balance in Congress between free and slave states (north/south)

Compromise of 1850-When

1850

Compromise of 1850-What

Admitted California as a free sate, opened New Mexico and Utah to popular sovereignty, ended the slave trade, and introduced a more stringent fugitive slave law

Compromise of 1850-Why

Attempts to settle the escalating dispute over slavery

Compromise of 1850-Where

California and Washington D.C., Utah and New Mexico

Fugitive Slave Law-When

1850

Fugitive Slave Law-What

Set high penalties for anyone who aided escaped slaves and compelled law enforcement officers to participate in retrieving runaways

Fugitive Slave Law-Why

Part of the Compromise of 1850, attempt to settle rising disputes over slavery

Fugitive Slave Law-Where

Affected free/northern states

Kansas-Nebraska Act-When

1854

Kansas-Nebraska Act-What

Proposed that the issue of slavery be decided by popular sovereignty in the Kansas and Nebraska territories, revoking Missouri Compromise

Kansas-Nebraska Act-Who

Introduced by Stephen Douglas

Kansas-Nebraska Act-Why

Effort to bring Nebraska into the Union to pave the way for a northern transcontinental railroad

Popular Sovereignty-What

Notion that the sovereign people of a given territory should decide whether to allow slavery

Popular Sovereignty-When

During the slavery debate, mid 1800s

Popular Sovereignty-Why

To settle disputes over slavery in new territories

Popular Sovereignty-Where

New territories in the United States

Scott v Sandford-When

1857

Scott v Sandford-What

Case that decided African Americans were not and could never be citizens of the United States

Scott v Sandford-Who

Dred Scott and John Sandford

Scott v Sandford-Why

Dred Scott, a slave, sued for his freedom

Lincoln-Douglas Debates-When

August-October 1858

Lincoln-Douglas Debates-Who

Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas

Lincoln-Douglas Debates-What

Series of debates for the Senate seat

Lincoln-Douglas Debates-Where

Illinois

Lincoln-Douglas Debates-Why

Lincoln challenged Douglas to the debates

John Brown-Who

An abolitionist leader

John Brown-What

Raided Harpers Ferry

John Brown-Why

He was attempting to arm slaves to lead a slave revolt

John Brown-When

October 16-18 1859

Election of 1860-When

November 6, 1860

Election of 1860-Who

Abraham Lincoln, John C. Breckinridge, John Bell, Stephen Douglas

Election of 1860-What

Election for the 16th president

Election of 1860-Where

United States

Crittenden Compromise-When

1860

Crittenden Compromise-Who

Introduced by U.S. Senator John J. Crittenden

Crittenden Compromise-What

Unsuccessful proposal to permanently enshrine slavery in the U.S. Constitution

Crittenden Compromise-Why

To make it unconstitutional for future congresses to end slavery

Fort Sumter-When

April 12-13 1861

Fort Sumter-What

First shots/start of Civil War

Fort Sumter-Where

South Carolina

Fort Sumter-Why

Confederate forces bombarded after the Union attempted to provision the fort

Border States-Who

Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, and West Virginia

Border States-What

States that did not secede in the Civil War

Border States-Where

Middle ground/states between/bordering the Union and Confederacy

Border States-When

During the Civil War

Gettysburg-When

July 1863

Gettysburg-Where

Pennsylvania

Gettysburg-What

Civil War battle

Gettysburg-Who

Union, victorious, and Confederacy

First Bull Run-When

July 2, 1861

First Bull Run-Where

Virginia

First Bull Run-What

First major land battle of the Civil War

First Bull Run-Who

Union and Confederacy, victorious

Appomattox Courthouse-When

April 1865

Appomattox Courthouse-What

Site where Confederate general surrendered to Union general

Appomattox Courthouse-Who

Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant

Appomattox Courthouse-Where

Virginia

Freedmen's Bureau-When

1865-1872

Freedmen's Bureau-What

Provided clothing, food, education, medical care, and legal support

Freedmen's Bureau-Who

Provided for newly emancipated slaves

Freedmen's Bureau-Why

To create aid

Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan-When

Proposed in 1863

Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan-Who

Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan-What

10 percent of a southern state's voters needed to pledge allegiance to the Union in order to be readmitted

Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan-Why

He wanted to end the war quickly, it was a political maneuver

Wade-Davis Bill-What

Required that 50 percent of state's voters pledge allegiance to the union, and set stronger safeguards for emancipation

Wade-Davis Bill-Who

Passed by Congressional Republicans

Wade-Davis Bill-Why

In response to Abraham Lincoln's "10 Percent Plan"

Wade-Davis Bill-When

July 2, 1864

Johnson's Reconstruction Plan-When

1865

Johnson's Reconstruction Plan-Who

Andrew Johnson

Johnson's Reconstruction Plan-What

Gave the south a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom

Johnson's Reconstruction Plan-Where

United States, specifically southern states

Black Codes-When

1865-1866

Black Codes-What

Laws passed throughout the south to restrict the rights of emancipated blacks

Black Codes-Why

Johnson's lenient reconstruction policies

Black Codes-Where

Southern States

Ku Klux Klan-When

1866

Ku Klux Klan-What

Terrorized freedmen and sympathetic whites in the South after the Civil War

Ku Klux Klan-Who

An extremist, paramilitary, right-wing secret society

Ku Klux Klan-Where

Started in Tennessee

Tenure of Office Act-When

1867

Tenure of Office Act-What

Required the President to seek approval from the Senate before removing appointees

Tenure of Office Act-Who

Affects President and Senate

Tenure of Offices Act-Where

United States

Radical Reconstruction-When

1867-1877

Radical Reconstruction-Who

Radical Republicans

Radical Reconstruction-What

Proposed the Wade-Davis Bill

Radical Reconstruction-Why

Radical Republicans took over after Abraham Lincoln died

13th Amendment-When

1865

13th Amendment-What

Abolished slavery (in most cases)

13th Amendment-Who

Applied to slaves, passed by Congress

13th Amendment-Where

United States

13th Amendment-Why

Northerners wanted to abolish slavery, which was the whole point of the Civil War

14th Amendment-When

1868

14th Amendment-What

Citizenship for former slaves; equal protection; former Confederations could not hold federal office