Study Questions for Body Fluid and Electrolytes

Which body compartment contains the most fluid?

intracellular cells

What is the amount of active drug in most prescriptions.

mg (millegrams)

How do newborns differ with respect to body water content.

80% water

Why do newborns lose weight in the neonatal period?

after being born they lose water weight

Why is fat ideal for the storage of excess energy?

it does not require much water to store

Would an obese person have more or less body water? Why?

Less because they are fat

What are forces that determine water movement between the capillaries and the interstitial fluid

osmosis

Why do dents form under a stretching band if it is left on the wrist overnight?

Hydrostatic pressure

Changes in which of the forces will lead to edema.

capillary hydrostatic pressure

What function does protein play in the plasma? Why?

maintains osmotic pressure and holds pressure in the capillaries

How could capillary hydrostatic pressure increase?

hypertension

What may cause pulmonary edema?

left heart failure

what may cause Systemic edema?

right heart failure

What may cause a change in plasma oncotic pressure?

liver disease

What is the normal plasma protein percentage per 100 ml?

7 grams

A dysfunction which organ would lead to a decrease in plasma protein?

liver

Why is the belly of someone with liver disease swollen?

fluid goes to the lowest point

How about in malnutrition?

they don't have amino acids to make plasma proteins

How do we explain the signs and symptoms of a nasal allergy?

sneezing, itchiness and a blocked or runny nose

How does lymph blockage lead to edema? What do we call this type of edema?

lymphedema, when lymph cannot go to the vessels

How do varicose veins lead to edema?

pressure build up which causes more filtration than reabsorption

Give some examples of localized edema.

mosquito bites

Describe some therapies that may help in edema.

massage, compression therapy, diuretics

How does the edema lead to damage to tissue?

it stops nutrient delivery and separates cells from blood vessels