Hypothesis Testing

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31 Terms

1
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Which test do you use if you are testing for a correlation?

PMCC test

2
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Which test do you use if you are testing for an association?

SRCC test

3
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Which test do you use if you are testing for an association and have data in a contingency/two way table?

Chi Squared Test

4
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Which test do you use if you are comparing the mean to a given value?

Normal Z Distribution

5
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Which tests do you use if you are comparing the population average of two paired samples?

Paired sample Wilcoxon Signed Rank

Paired sample Sign Test

6
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Which tests do you use if you are comparing the population average to a given value?

Single sample Wilcoxon Signed Rank

Single sample Sign Test

7
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Which test do you use if you are comparing the population difference of two non-paired samples?

Wilcoxon Rank Sum

8
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Define a Type I error

Reject H0 when it is true

9
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What is the probability of a Type I error?

The same as the significance level

10
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Define a Type II error

Accept H1 when it is false

11
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What is the Central Limit Theorem?

If n >30, then we can find probabilities about a mean even if the original distribution wasn’t a normal distribution

12
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Define the term parameter

A numerical value of a population

13
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Define the term statistic

A numerical value of a sample

14
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What assumptions about the distribution are required for the sign test to be valid?

No assumptions

15
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What assumptions about the distribution are required for the Wilcoxon signed rank test to be valid?

  • distribution is symmetrical

  • distribution of differences is symmetrical for a paired test

16
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What percentage of data lies within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal distribution?

68%

17
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What percentage of data lies within two standard deviations of the mean in a normal distribution?

95%

18
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What percentage of data lies within three standard deviations of the mean in a normal distribution?

99.8%

19
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What must you do to the data before you can calculate the SRCC value?

Rank the data

20
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What are H0 and H1 for a SRCC test?

H0: no association between x and y

H1: positive/negative/some association between x and y

21
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What are H0 and H1 for a PMCC test?

H0: p = 0

H1: p > 0 or p < 0 or p doesn’t equal 0

22
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When do we reject H0 in SRCC and PMCC tests for POSITIVE correlation/association?

If the test statistic is ABOVE the critical value

23
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When do we reject H0 in SRCC and PMCC tests for NEGATIVE correlation/association?

If the test statistic is BELOW the critical value

24
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What are H0 and H1 for the Chi squared test?

H0: no association between x and y

H1: positive/negative/some association between x and y

25
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When do we reject H0 in the Chi squared test?

When the test statistic is ABOVE the critical value

26
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What are H0 and H1 for the Normal Distribution (z) Test?

H0: u = value

H1: u > value or u < value or u does not equal value

27
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What are the steps for the Normal Distribution (z) test?

  • H0 and H1

  • test stat = value of x bar

  • reject H0 if the p value is ABOVE the critical value

28
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What are H0 and H1 for the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test?

H0: nd = 0

H1: nd > 0 or nd < 0 or nd does not equal 0

29
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What assumption do you make with the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test?

the population is symmetric

30
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What are the steps for the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test?

  • H0 and H1

  • Rank data across both sets

  • Total of ranks for each set

  • Calculate U values

  • Test stat = smallest U value

  • Critical region is anything less than or equal to critical value

  • Reject H0 if test stat is ABOVE critical value

31
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When do you need to pool data for a Chi squared test?

If any of the EXPECTED values are less than 5