Asian American History, Stereotypes, and Immigration Laws

How are Asian Americans defined?

People with origins in East Asia, Southeast Asia, or the Indian Subcontinent.

What significant addition was made in the 2020 Census regarding Asian Americans?

Central Asia was added.

How have Asian Americans been racialized?

Treated as a monolithic group, ignoring internal diversity.

What are some stereotypes associated with Asian Americans?

Yellow Peril, perpetual foreigners, model minorities, emasculated men, hypersexualized women.

What is the first major Asian group in the U.S.?

Chinese Americans.

What legislation affected Chinese immigration?

The Chinese Exclusion Act.

What jobs were Chinese immigrants often forced into?

Women's jobs such as laundry and sewing.

What is a significant feature of Chinese American communities?

Ethnic enclaves like Chinatowns.

Where did Japanese Americans primarily immigrate to?

Hawaii plantations and the West Coast.

What major event led to the internment of Japanese Americans?

World War II.

What stereotype emerged for Japanese Americans post-war?

Model minority stereotype.

What historical event allowed easier movement for Filipino Americans to the U.S.?

Colonization by the U.S.

What is a notable characteristic of Indian Americans who arrived post-1965?

They are often highly educated.

What challenges do Southeast Asian Americans face compared to East Asians?

Higher poverty rates, trauma, and educational barriers.

What is the main source of pan-ethnicity among Asian Americans?

Shared racialization by U.S. society.

What does the Model Minority Myth suggest about Asians?

They are hard-working, high achieving, and do not need help.

What are some issues related to the Model Minority Myth?

Hides poverty, creates pressure to be perfect, and implies Asians must earn belonging.

What sparked pan-Asian activism in 1982?

The death of Vincent Chin.

What historical discrimination did Asian Americans face in the U.S.?

Anti-Asian violence, exclusion from citizenship, and internment of Japanese Americans.

What does the term 'Yellow Peril' refer to?

The belief that Asians were dangerous and a threat to white workers.

What factors contribute to intersectionality among Asian Americans?

Gender, religion, class, and immigration histories.

What are bachelor societies?

Communities of mainly Chinese and Japanese men living alone due to laws preventing Asian women from entering.

What led to the birth of ethnic enclaves?

Racial segregation, economic exclusion, and the need for safety and cultural support.

Why do Asian women have higher outmarriage rates?

Hypersexualized stereotypes and being seen as more desirable by white men.

What factors affect outmarriage rates among African Americans?

Stereotypes of Black masculinity and lower supply of Black men due to mass incarceration.

What was the Page Act of 1875?

The first federal immigration restriction targeting Asian women.

What did the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 do?

Banned Chinese laborers and citizenship.

What was the Asiatic Barred Zone Act of 1917?

Banned most Asian immigration.

What did the Immigration Act of 1965 achieve?

Ended racist quotas and opened doors to massive Asian immigration.

What was the significance of Loving v. Virginia (1967)?

It struck down interracial marriage bans, making Asian-white marriage legal nationwide.