digestive system mouth

What tissue makes up the oral mucosa?

Stratified squamous than can be keratinized, parakeratinized, or non keratinized.

What is the vestibule?

The area between cheek and gums.

What makes up the oral cavity (lips and the cheeks)?

Skeletal muscles and skin covering.

What are some oral structures?

Teeth, tongue, palate, and salivary glands.

What tissues make up the lips?

Epithelium, connective tissue, and skeletal muscle.

What are the three regions of the lip?

Skin aspect, vermilion zone, and mucous aspect.

It is keratinized, continuous with other skin, and is underlain by skeletal muscle.

What are some characteristics of the vermilion zone of lip?

It has a red margin, some keratin, and the stratum corneum and reduced.

What tissue makes up mucous aspect of the lip?

Stratified squamous and dense irregular tissue.

What is the labial frenulum?

The median fold that attaches lip to gum.

What tissue is the oral cavity made up of?

Epidermis and connective tissue.

What teeth do the mouth have as babies then adults?

The Deciduous or milk teeth that develop in pairs and finish at 20 by 24 months, and the permanent teeth with 32 teeth.

What types of teeth are there?

Incisors (chisel) for cutting, canines (conical) for tearing and piercing, and premolars/molars (bicuspid/broad crowns) for grinding and crushing.

What are the parts of the tooth?

The crown and the root.

What is the anatomy of taste buds?

40-60 epithelial cells: gustatory sensory cells with long microvilli, and support insulate receptor cells.

Where can you find taste buds?

Tongue, soft palate, inner cheeks, pharynx, and epiglottis.

What are the types of lingual papillae?

Filiform, fungiform, foliate, and circumvalate.

What are characteristics of filiform lingual papillae?

They contain no taste buds and provide friction against objects.

What are characteristics of fungiform lingual papillae?

They are mushroom shaped, most common, over all the tongue, and the taste buds are found on the side.

What are characteristics of foliate papillae?

They have a posteriolateral aspect, taste buds degenerate in 2 years, and have minor salivary glands called glands of von Ebner.

What are characteristics of circumvallate lingual papillae?

It is an inverted V at the back of tongue with taste buds on top of papilla.

What is the histology of the tongue?

The mucous membrane and several skeletal muscle layer.

What are the regions of the tongue?

Anterior two thirds, posterior one third with an uneven surface and lingual tonsil, and root.

What are the functions of the tongue?

Its movements mix food with saliva and initiates swallowing.

What tissue makes up the uvula and what is its function?

Its made of mostly skeletal muscle and it rises to nasopharynx during swallowing.

What tissues and structures make up the soft palate?

Its made of stratified squamous, dense irregular connective, mucous glands, salivary glands, and palatine tonsils.

What tissue makes up the palate and what is its function?

It is underlain by bone and the tongue forces food against it during chewing.

What are the three regions of the palate?

The hard palate, soft palate, and uvula.

What makes up the alveolus?

A bony socket and osseous tissue.

What does the peridontal ligament do and what is it made of?

It suspends the tooth in the socket and is made of dense fibrous connective tissue.

What are the three zones of the pulp?

Outer odontoblastic, middle, cell free, and inner cell rich.

What tissues and structures make up the pulp?

Areolar tissue, blood vessels, and nerve fibers.

What are characteristics of cementum?

Its like bone with Sharpeys fibers and can be reabsorbed by odontoclast.

What tissues make up the cementum and whats its function?

Its made of calcified connective tissue, and it attaches tooth to peridontal ligament and overlies dentin of roots.

What are some structures in dentin?

Dentin tubules which are extensions of pulp, lines of owen with alternating regions of calcification and hypocalcification.

What are some characteristics of dentin?

Its inside the enamel, extends into the root, produced by odontoblast with bone like material, and repair is possible.

Where is the gingiva and what is its histology?

It surrounds the tooth and has the same histology of oral mucosa.

What are characteristics of primary enamel cuticle?

It is deposited by ameloblast and wears away shortly after tooth emergence.

How is enamel made?

Its produced by ameloblasts with die before the tooth erupts, deposited in intervals called striae of retzius.

What is enamel made of?

Mineralized calcium salts.

Can the enamel of the crown be repaired?

Not with cells.